基于磁性Fe3O4-壳聚糖纳米颗粒固定化酪丁酸梭菌以促进丁酸的高产毕业论文
2022-01-12 21:34:55
论文总字数:24368字
摘 要
丁酸在化工、医药、食品等行业中应用广泛,微生物发酵法因其反应条件温和、发酵过程污染少和可再生性等优点常用于丁酸的生产过程,在发酵过程中使用固定化技术可以实现高密度发酵,从而节约生产成本,延长发酵周期,提高丁酸产量。
本课题使用共沉淀法来制备超顺磁性Fe304纳米粒子(MNPs),然后使用包埋法制备磁性Fe3O4-壳聚糖纳米颗粒(MNPs@CS),使用制备好的MNPs@CS作为载体包覆Clostridium butyricum(CB)。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、磁滞回归曲线(VSM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)以及X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等方法对制备的MNPs、MNPs@CS和MNPs@CS@CB进行分析。SEM表征结果显示共沉淀法成功制备出了纳米尺度的MNPs颗粒,粒径小且分布均匀。VSM表征结果显示三个样品均有较低的矫顽力和高饱和磁化强度,MNPs在修饰前后都具有超顺磁性。FT-IR表征结果显示载体是由壳聚糖包覆Fe3O4形成的并且载体包覆细胞并没有改变载体的结构。XRD表征结果显示MNPs在结合CS后以及MNPs@CS在结合CB后仍然具有Fe3O4的晶体结构。
使用三因素正交实验对固定化条件进行了优化,确定了最佳固定化转速、温度和材料细胞比组成为温度:37℃、转速:60rpm和材料:OD=1:2。使用最佳固定化条件下得到的MNPs@CS@CB在厌氧瓶中进行连续发酵,使用气相色谱法对被包覆细胞进行连续发酵的发酵液进行分析,确定丁酸浓度范围为12.6-14.7g/L。
本课题采用了MNPs@CS作为载体首次包覆C. butyricum进行连续发酵产丁酸的研究,其最大优势在于载体超顺磁性这个特点,可以快速将细胞从发酵液中分离出来,实现反复批次固定化发酵,为细胞进行连续发酵提供了新方向。
关键词:Fe3O4 壳聚糖 Clostridium butyricum 连续发酵
Preparation of magnetic Fe3O4@chitosan nanoparticles and its application in the high yield of clostridium butyrate
Abstract
Butyric acid is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries Microorganism fermentation is used in the production process of butyric acid because of its mild reaction conditions, less pollution and renewable, etc. The immobilization technology can realize high density fermentation in the fermentation process, so as to save the production cost, extend the fermentation cycle and increase the yield of butyric acid.
In this project, co-precipitation method is used to prepare MNPs, and then magnetic Fe3O4-chitosan nanoparticles (MNPs@CS) are prepared by embedding method. Prepared MNPs@CS is used as a carrier to cover Clostridium butyricum (CB). MNPs, MNPs@CS and MNPs@CS@CB were analyzed by SEM, VSM, FT-IR and XRD. SEM characterization results showed that MNPs were successfully prepared by co-precipitation and MNPs particles have small size and uniform distribution. VSM characterization results showed that the three samples all had low coercivity and high saturation magnetization, and MNPs had superparamagnetism before and after modification. Ft-IR characterization results showed that the carrier was formed by chitosan-coated Fe3O4, and the carrier-coated cells did not change the structure of the carrier. XRD characterization results showed that MNPs still had the crystal structure of Fe3O4 after combining with CS and MNPs@CS after combining with CB.
Using three factors orthogonal experiment on the immobilized conditions are optimized, determined the best immobilized speed, temperature and material :OD are temperature: 37℃, rotational speed: 60 rpm and material: OD = 1:2. Continuous fermentation of MNPs@CS@CB obtained under the optimal immobilization conditions was carried out in an anaerobic flask. The fermentation broth of continuous fermentation of coated cells was analyzed by gas chromatography method, and the concentration range of butyric acid is 12.6-14.7g/L.
This topic firstly adopts MNPs@CS as a carrier to cover C. butyricum for butyric acid production by continuous fermentation. Its biggest advantage is carrier superparamagnetism, which can quickly separate cells from fermentation broth and realize batch immobilization fermentation repeatedly, providing a new direction for continuous fermentation of cells.
KEYWORDS: Fe3O4 chitosan Clostridium butyricum Continuous fermentation
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 磁性壳聚糖微球的研究进展 1
1.2.1 超顺磁性纳米颗粒的特性 1
1.2.3 磁性壳聚糖微球的结构与性质 3
1.3 丁酸发酵研究进展 4
1.4 细胞固定化研究进展 5
1.5 研究内容 5
第二章 载体制备与表征 6
2.1 前言 6
2.2 材料与方法 6
2.2.1 材料 6
2.2.2 方法 7
2.2.2.2 Fe3O4-壳聚糖纳米颗粒的制备(MNPs@CS) 7
2.3 结果与分析 9
2.3.1 扫描电镜(SEM)分析 9
2.3.2 磁滞回归曲线(VSM)分析 10
2.3.3 傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)分析 11
2.3.4 X射线粉末衍射(XRD)分析 12
2.4 本章小结 12
第三章 固定化丁酸梭菌连续发酵 14
3.1 前言 14
3.2 材料与方法 14
3.2.1 材料 14
3.2.2 方法 16
3.2.2.1 菌种活化 16
3.2.2.2 菌种保存 16
3.2.2.3 提取菌泥 16
3.2.2.5 连续发酵 17
3.2.2.6 发酵产物检测 18
3.3 结果与分析 19
3.3.1 表征结果分析 19
3.3.2 固定化优化结果 20
3.3.3 MNPs@CS@CB连续发酵 22
2.4 本章小结 24
第四章 结论与展望 25
4.1 结论 25
4.2 展望 25
参考文献 27
致谢 31
第一章 文献综述
1.1 前言
化学合成法和微生物发酵法是生产丁酸常用的两种方法[1]。目前生产丁酸的主要方法是化学合成法,但是同时也会带来环境污染,而微生物发酵法具有环境友好性和可再生性等特点,与化学合成法相比前景广阔。C. butyricum发酵产丁酸得到的产量和纯度都比较高,且其稳定性良好,营养需求较低,商业潜力很大。在此基础上,使用MNPs@CS固定化C. butyricum进行连续发酵可以对细胞进行循环利用,降低生产成本,进一步提升丁酸产量。
1.2 磁性壳聚糖微球的研究进展
1.2.1 超顺磁性纳米颗粒的特性
超顺磁性纳米粒子具备较强的磁响应性,在外加磁场的作用下,磁性颗粒能够快速富集、定位,当不加外加磁场时,颗粒的磁性也随即快速消失[2]。粒径在100 nm之下的磁性粒子被称为超顺粒子,具有超顺磁性,超顺磁性的粒子具有粒径小、毒性低、在磁场中有较好响应等特点[3]。
1.2.1.1 磁性Fe304纳米粒子的制备方法
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