论文总字数：15486字

摘 要

以丙酸和异戊醇为原料，以FeCl₃-Al₂(SO₄)₃为复合催化剂，加入一定量的带水剂，并在一定的反应温度下进行酯化反应合成丙酸异戊酯。从丙酸与异戊醇的物质的量比、反应时间以及复合催化剂用量三个方面考察其对于酯化率所造成的影响。对蒸馏后的丙酸异戊酯进行表征，再进行正交试验得到最佳反应条件：丙酸与异戊醇的物质的量比1:1.3、反应时间2小时、复合催化剂用量1.0g时，酯化率最高可达91.56%。

关键词: 丙酸异戊酯 酯化 催化剂 FeCl₃-Al₂(SO₄)₃

Synthesis of Isoamyl propionate catalyzed by FeCl₃-Al₂ (SO₄) ₃

ABSTRACT

Isoamyl acrylate was synthesized with acrylic acid and iso-amyl alcohol as raw materials and FeCl ₃-Al₂(SO₄)₃ as compound catalyst, adding a certain amount of water carrying agent, and esterifying at a certain reaction temperature. The effects of the mass ratio of acrylic acid and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction time and the amount of composite catalyst on the esterification rate were studied. After distillation, isoamyl acrylate was evaluated by orthogonal test. If the esterification rate was compared, the best reaction conditions could be obtained. The mass of propionic acid and iso-amyl alcohol was 1:1.3, the reaction time was 2 hours, the dosage of the composite catalyst was 1.0g, and the esterification rate reached 91.56%.

Key words: isoamyl propionate； esterification； catalyst

目 录

摘 要---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅰ

ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅱ

第一章 综述 (绪论) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

• 1. 无机盐催化合成丙酸异戊酯------------------------------------------------- 1
  2. 杂多酸催化合成丙酸异戊酯------------------------------------------------- 2
  3. 固体酸催化合成丙酸异戊酯------------------------------------------------- 3
  4. 磺酸催化合成丙酸异戊酯 --------------------------------------------------- 4
  5. 分子筛催化合成丙酸异戊酯 ------------------------------------------------ 5

1.6 离子液体催化合成丙酸异戊酯---------------------------------------------- 6

第二章 实验部分-------------------------------------------- 8

• 1. 实验试剂及仪器--------------------------------------------------------------- 8
  2. 复合催化剂的制备------------------------------------------------------------ 8
  3. 酯的合成------------------------------------------------------------------------ 8

2.3.1 醇酸物质的量比--------------------------------------------------------------- 9

2.3.2 催化剂用量--------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

2.3.3 反应时间----------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

2.3.4 正交试验------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11

2.3.5 产品表征------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12

1. 结果与讨论------------------------------------------- 13

4.1 结果------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13

4.2 讨论------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13

第五章 展望------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

参考文献---------------------------------------------------- 15

致谢------------------------------------------------------- 18

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