论文总字数：20006字

摘 要

金、银等贵金属纳米材料因其特有的表面等离子体特性在生物医学领域^[1]、选择性催化方面^[2]，生物传感器^[3]方面以及光热材料方向^[4]都有着显著应用。非球形的各向异性金纳米粒子尤其特别，因为它们的几何对称性降低，使得它们对周围环境的变化或者自身形貌表现出了敏锐的光学响应，也由此产生了许多独特的性质。所以近年来关于表面等离子体共振的研究偏向于非球形各向异性金属纳米颗粒，且多以金银为主。其中金纳米三角片作为新材料获得了越来越多的关注。金纳米三角片的横向尺寸远大于厚度，且具有三个尖端，因此具有较为特殊的性质。所以研究者在金纳米三角片的合成制备，生长机理以及性质与应用上^[5]投入了更多精力。此外，众多具有高度光学活性的贵金属纳米材料也被研究人员进行修饰并运用在表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）中。促进了各向异性等离子体纳米材料的研究。本课题以金纳米三角片的可控制备和刻蚀为基础，探讨纳米尖端效应，利用表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）手段深入探究具有高度光学活性的新形貌材料的SERS性能。

本实验要求先制备出均匀、分散性好的金纳米三角片，再利用已知方法对三角片进行刻蚀，生成能使SERS增强的多尖端形貌的三角片。之后再用拉曼光谱仪动态监测金纳米三角片刻蚀前后配体交换的过程，探究三角片刻蚀过程的动力学过程以及刻蚀程度不同时SERS信号强度的变化。

关键词：金纳米三角片 刻蚀 表面增强拉曼散射 动力学

Using Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering to Explore the Kinetic Process of the Etching of Triangular Gold Nanoplates

Abstract

The unique surface plasma properties make gold, silver and other precious metal nanomaterials have significant applications in the biomedical field ^[1], selective catalysis ^[2], biosensor ^[3] and light-heat material direction ^[4]. Non-spherical anisotropic gold nanoparticles are particularly special because of their reduced geometric symmetry, which makes them show a keen optical response to changes in the surrounding environment or their own morphology, and thus produce a number of unique properties. Therefore, researchers on surface plasmon resonance have been biased toward non-spherical anisotropic metal nanoparticles in recent years, and mostly based on gold and silver. Among them, triangular Au nanoplates have gained more and more attention as new materials. The lateral dimension of triangular Au nanoplates is much larger than the thickness, and has three tips, so it has more special properties. Therefore, the researchers put more effort on the synthesis, growth mechanism, properties and applications of triangular Au nanoplates ^[5]. In addition, many noble metal nanomaterials with high optical activity have also been modified by researchers and applied in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Promoting the study of anisotropic plasma nanomaterials.This topic is based on the controllable preparation and etching of triangular Au nanoplates,and explores the nano-tip effect. Using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) means to further explore the SERS performance of new morphological materials with high optical activity.

In this experiment, it is required to prepare a triangular Au nanoplates with good uniformity and dispersibility, and then use a known method to etch the triangular Au nanoplates to generate a triangular nanoplates that have many tips and can enhance the SERS enhancement. Afterwards, Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the process of ligand exchange during and after the etching of the triangular Au nanoplates, and the dynamics of the etching process of the triangular nanoplates and the change of the SERS signal intensity when the etching degree was different.

Key words: Triangular Au nanoplates;etch; SERS; Kinetic

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract I

目 录 II

第一章 简介 1

1.1 绪论 1

1.1.1金纳米材料及其光学性质 1

1.1.2金纳米片 2

1.1.3 表面增强拉曼散射原理 3

1.3 本论文研究主要工作 3

第二章 金纳米三角片的合成 5

2.1 引言 5

2.2 实验部分 5

2.2.1 实验试剂 5

2.2.2 实验仪器 5

2.3金纳米三角片的表征 6

2.3.1 电镜（TEM）结果分析 6

2.3.2 电镜（SEM）结果分析 7

2.3.3实验结果与讨论 8

第三章 金纳米三角片的刻蚀 10

3.1 实验部分 10

3.1.1孵育金纳米三角片 10

3.1.2刻蚀金纳米三角片 10

3.2 刻蚀后金纳米三角片的表征 10

3.2.1 电镜（TEM）结果分析 10

3.2.2 电镜（SEM）结果分析 11

3.3实验思考与讨论 11

第四章 利用表面增强拉曼散射探究金纳米三角片刻蚀的动力学过程 13

4.1 引言 13

4.2 对金纳米三角片刻蚀过程进行动力学拉曼测试 13

4.3 实验优化 15

4.4不同巯基配体浓度对SERS信号增强的影响 18

4.5在DMF-2-萘硫醇体系中做动力学拉曼测试 19

4.6不同刻蚀程度的三角片进行拉曼测试 21

第五章 结论与展望 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 26

第一章 简介

1.1 绪论

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