四氢呋喃-3-甲酸的合成研究毕业论文
2022-04-14 20:50:04
论文总字数:17386字
摘 要
四氢呋喃-3-甲酸是合成新型烟碱杀虫剂呋虫胺的重要中间体。呋虫胺的分子结构内不含芳香环和各种卤族元素,这是呋虫胺与其他的烟碱类杀虫剂有明显差异的地方。呋虫胺有更为广泛的杀虫谱,具有异常卓越的内吸渗透作用,并能在很少的剂量表现出高效的杀虫性能,同时呋虫胺对哺乳动物、鸟类和水生生物十分安全,对作物也基本没有药害作用,被第三代烟碱杀虫剂,是新型烟碱类杀虫剂的代表。鉴于呋虫胺逐年增加的销售额和市场占有率,结合较好的研发基础与广泛的应用前景,针对国内外杀虫剂品种快速更新的特点,研究和优化呋虫胺及其中间体的合成工艺,开发新型杀虫剂对我国农业发展具有重要意义。
本文以2,3-二氢呋喃、三氯乙酰氯和吡啶等为原料,制备四氢呋喃-3-甲酸,进一步反应得到四氢呋喃-3-酰胺,最后合成呋虫胺。重点研究了四氢呋喃-3-甲酸的合成方法,以1H-NMR对相应产物进行解析,并对分析数据进行理论解释,找出呋喃类化合物制备中优化的实验条件。
关键词:四氢呋喃-3-甲酸;呋虫胺;2,3-二氢呋喃;三氯乙酰氯;吡啶;合成
Synthesis of tetrahydrofuran -3- formic acid
Abstract
tetrahydrofuran -3- acid is an important intermediate for the synthesis of dinotefuran. Dinotefuran as neonicotinoid insecticide representatives, and traditional nicotinic insecticides compared, dinotefuran molecule does not contain aromatic rings and various halogen elements, so the insecticide a wider spectrum, with excellent suction penetration, and it shows a very high insecticidal activity in very low doses can. At the same time, the of mammals, birds and aquatic organisms is very safe and on crop no phytotoxicity, known as following the imidacloprid, thiamethoxam after the third generation of nicotinic insecticides. Given furosemide insects amine good market and application prospects. In view of the domestic and foreign insecticides update fast, the synthesis process of the study of furosemide insects amine and the body of agricultural development of our country has important significance. This article with 2,3-Dihydrofuran, trichloroacetyl chloride and pyridine as raw materials, preparation of tetrahydrofuran -3- acid, further reaction to obtain tetrahydro 3 amide. Finally, synthetic furosemide insects amine. Focuses on the method for the synthesis of tetrahydrofuran -3- acid by 1H-NMR corresponding product analysis, and the data analysis theory to explain and find out the preparation of furan compounds in the optimization of experimental conditions.
Keywords: tetrahydrofuran -3- acid; dinotefuran; 2,3-dihydrofuran; trichloroacetyl chloride; pyridine; synthesis
目录
摘 要
ABSTRACT
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1引言 1
1.2呋虫胺的概述 1
1.2.1 呋虫胺的理化性质................................................................................................1
1.2.2 呋虫胺的结构组成 1
1.2.3 呋虫胺的特性........................................................................................................2
1.2.4 呋虫胺的剂型及使用方法....................................................................................3
1.2.5 呋虫胺的作用机理 3
1.3呋虫胺的合成 4
1.3.1 3-四氢呋喃甲基三氟甲基磺酸酯法 4
1.3.2 S-甲基-N-硝基-N'-邻苯二甲酰异硫脲法............................................................4
1.3.3 S-甲基-N-硝基-N'-邻苯二甲酰异硫脲法....................................................5
1.3.4 呋虫胺合成路线的对比 5
1.4呋虫胺中间体及其制备方法 6
1.4.1 1,5-二甲基-2-硝基亚氨基-1,3,5-六氢三嗪 6
1.4.2 3-四氢呋喃甲醇....................................................................................................6
1.4.3 3-甲磺酰基氧甲基四氢呋喃 7
1.4.4 3-四氢呋喃甲胺的合成 8
1.5本课题主要研究的内容及意义 9
第二章 实验部分 10
2.1实验仪器与试剂 10
2.1.1 实验仪器 10
2.1.2 实验试剂 10
2.2实验方法 11
2.2.1 2,3-二氢呋喃的重蒸 11
2.2.2 2,3-二氢-4-三氯乙酰基呋喃的制备 11
2.2.3 4,5-二氢-3-呋喃甲酸的制备 12
2.2.4 四氢呋喃-3-甲酸的制备 13
2.2.5 后续反应 13
第三章 结果与讨论 14
3.1 4,5-二氢-3-呋喃甲酸的氢谱 14
3.2 4,5-二氢-3-呋喃甲酸的氢谱 15
第四章 结论与展望 17
参考文献 19
致谢 22
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