PS@Fe3O4核壳复合微球的制备及其性质表征毕业论文
2022-06-04 22:48:13
论文总字数:23464字
摘 要
在众多杂化材料中,核壳材料因其组成、大小和结构排列的不同而具有特殊的光学、电学和生物化学等性质,所以受到越来越多的关注。核壳材料是由一种纳米材料通过化学键或其他作用力将另一种纳米材料包覆起来所形成的纳米尺度的有序组装结构。包覆技术是对内核微粒表面进行改性,从而改变内核表面电荷,官能团和反应特性,以此来提高内核的稳定性与分散性。通过溶胶-凝胶法,化学镀法,层层自组装法,微乳液法等,在内核表面包覆一层壳,从而制备核壳材料。本文主要研究工作如下:
1、综述了核壳复合材料的研究概况和发展趋势,简要介绍了核壳复合材料的分类,重点介绍了有机/无机核壳复合材料的制备方法,并对其在催化,生物医药,光子晶体领域的应用做了一些简介。
2、首先通过分散聚合法制备了单分散性好,粒径均一的聚苯乙烯(PS)微球。以PS微球为核,利用浓硫酸对PS微球进行表面改性(得到磺化PS),使其表面带有负电荷。无水乙二胺作为碱源和络合剂与亚铁源作用,通过一步法成功合成了PS@Fe3O4核壳结构的复合微球。
关键词:核壳材料 聚苯乙烯 四氧化三铁
ABSTRACT
In many hybrid materials, core-shell materials receive more and more attention , because they have many special characteristics, due to different composition, arrangement, size and structure, such as optical, electrical and biochemical features. Core-shell material is a nanomaterial that is coated with another materials by chemical bond or other forces to form ordered assembly structure nanometer scale. Coating technology will be illustrated in two steps: firstly, the core particles are modified by some materials which can change the charge, functional groups and reaction characteristics of core surface. This way can improve the stability and dispersion of core particles. Secondly, the core surface can be coated with a layer of shell by many ways, such as sol-gel, chemical plating, layer by layer self-assembly and microemulsion. In this way, core-shell materials can be prepared successfully. This thesis mainly research work are as follows:
1. This chapter mainly summarized the research progress and development trend of core-shell materials, introduced briefly the classification of core-shell composite materials and emphatically introduce the preparation method of organic/inorganic core-shell composite materials. Furthermore, the chapter also introduced the application of core-shell materials, such as in catalysis, bio-medicine, photonic crystals.
2. Monodisperse and uniform polystyrene (PS) microspheres have been prepared by dispersion polymerization. PS microspheres were modified by concentrated sulfuric acid which can make them with negative charges. Anhydrous ethylenediamine as a base source and complexing agents, we successfully synthesis PS/Fe3O4 core-shell composite microspheres by one-step.
Key words: Core-shell materials; Polystyrene; Iron oxide;
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT I
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 有机/无机核壳复合材料的制备 1
1.2.1 原位化学沉积法 1
1.2.2 层层组装法(LBL) 3
1.2.3 溶胶-凝胶法 4
1.2.4 化学镀法 5
1.3 核壳复合材料的应用 7
1.3.1 催化方面 7
1.3.2 生物医药方面 8
1.3.3 光子晶体方面 9
1.4 本文的研究意义和内容 10
第二章 实验与表征部分 12
2.1 化学试剂及仪器 12
2.1.1 化学试剂 12
2.1.2 实验仪器 12
2.2 聚苯乙烯单体的制备 13
2.2.1 原材料的纯化 13
2.2.2 以十二烷基硫酸钠为引发剂制备聚苯乙烯 14
2.2.3 以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂制备聚苯乙烯 14
2.3 利用浓硫酸对PS微球表面改性 15
2.4 PS@Fe3O4核壳复合微球的制备 15
2.5 产品的表征 15
2.5.1 FT-IR 15
2.5.2 SEM 16
2.5.3 TEM 16
2.5.4 XRD 16
第三章 结果与讨论 17
3.1扫描电镜分析 17
3.1.1 以十二烷基硫酸钠为引发剂所制得的PS微球 17
3.1.2 以AIBN为引发剂所制得的PS微球 17
3.1.3 磺化的PS微球 18
3.2 透射电镜分析 19
3.3 红外分析 19
3.4 X射线衍射分析 20
3.5 本章小结 21
第四章 结论与展望 22
4.1 结论 22
4.2 展望 22
参考文献 23
致 谢 27
第一章 绪论
1.1 引言
在过去的几十年来,以聚合物为基的磁性核壳复合材料是指含有磁性氧化物或磁性金属的超细粉末,使其具有磁响应性的高分子微球[1]。这种高分子微球结合了磁性纳米氧化铁和聚合物的优点,聚合物粒子合成容易,表面易修饰,成本低廉,并且粒子形状规整,尺寸大小可控,将其作为核可合成不同尺寸的核壳复合粒子,在医学、电气元件、吸波材料、生物化学、等[2-5]方面有广泛的应用前景。
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