论文总字数：18065字

摘 要

高岭土是一种重要的工业原料，在国民经济和日常生活中的应用特别广泛，现在已被广泛应用于油漆、涂料、橡胶、塑料、电缆、造纸、陶瓷、搪瓷、耐火材料、纺织、化学、水泥、汽车、环保、农业等很多领域。由于它的特性的不同应用的行业也有区别。在高岭土的矿物学、物理和化学的主要性质及其结构特点的基础上，结合高岭土表面改性、无机包覆的研究进展，以及高岭土在制备分子筛、陶瓷材料、混凝土、催化剂载体、填料和其他矿物材料中的最新研究，向人们展示了其诱人的开发前景。到目前为止，国内对高岭土的研究主要集中在对其性质的深层认识，另一方面在不断促进其在更多行业的应用。高岭土可增大材料的体积、提高塑料的绝缘强度、电阻，增强对红外线阻隔效果等。高岭土的插层复合材料研究也是现在的一个热点，同时也可以通过插层得到更加微细的高岭土。高岭土的表面改性研究也是现在非金属矿综合利用研究的一个热点。高岭土作为化工添加材料，可显著提高产品的档次，增加产品的附加值。

因为某些活性有机化合物可以直接进人高岭土层间，使高岭土的层间距增加，甚至可以使高岭土剥片形成单层粘土。有些非活性的客体分子，虽然不能直接插入高岭土层间，但是可以利用“取代法”“溶剂热法”或在“夹带剂”存在的条件下，插人高岭土层间,吡啶就是这种分子，它是插层化学中典型的客体分子。吡啶分子不能直接插人到高岭土的层间，用高岭土/DMSO插层复合物作为前驱体，采用“溶剂热法”可以将吡啶插人到高岭土层间。因此本论文工作中，用溶剂热方法，以高岭土/DMSO插层复合物作为前躯体，将2-氨基吡啶插层到高岭土层间，得到2-氨基吡啶/高岭土。并对所得产品进行红外光谱分析、XRD分析以及差热分析等表征。

关键字：高岭土；2-氨基吡啶；表面改性；插层。

Abstract

Kaolin is a kind of important industrial raw materials,and it is widely used in national economy and daily life.Now it has been widely used in paints, coating, rubber, plastics, cables, paper, ceramics, enamel, refractory material, textile, chemical, cement, automobile, environmental protection, agriculture and many other fields. Since there is difference between the characteristics of different application of industry. Based on the properties and structure of kaolin mineralogy, on the physical and chemical combination, research progress, inorganic coating modified kaolin and kaolin clay surface, in the preparation of molecular sieve, ceramics, concrete, catalyst carrier, filler and other mineral materials in the new study, demonstrating its attractive development prospect for people. So far, the domestic research on kaolin mainly concentrated in the deep understanding of its nature, on the other hand, continue to promote its application in more industries.It can increase the material volume, improve plastic insulation strength, resistance, enhancement of infrared barrier effect etc. In the study of composite layer is also a hot now, but also through intercalation more fine kaolin. Study on surface modification of kaolin is now non metallic minerals comprehensive utilization of a hot research. Kaolin as the chemical additive, can significantly improve the quality of products, increase the added value of the products.

Because some active organic compounds can be directly into the kaolin soil and increases the layer spacing, even make the delaminated kaolinite clay formed monolayer. Some non object molecular activity, although not directly into the kaolin layers, but you can use the "substitution" "solvent thermal method" or "modifier" under the conditions of existence, inserted between the kaolin layers. Pyridine is one of the molecule. Pyridine molecules cannot be directly inserted into the interlayer of kaolinite kaolin, used /DMSO intercalation compound as precursor, the "solvent thermal method" can be inserted into the kaolin layers between the pyridine. Therefore, in this thesis, by solvothermal method, using kaolinite /DMSO intercalation compound as precursor, 2- amino pyridine intercalation into the kaolin layers, 2- aminopyridine / kaolin. And infrared spectrum analysis, XRD analysis and differential thermal analysis

and characterization of the product.

Key Words: Kaolin；2- Amino Pyridine；Surface modification；Intercalation.

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论………………………………………………………………………1

1.1前言………………………………………………………………………1

1.2高岭土用途………………………………………………………………1

1.3我国高岭土资源分布与消费状况……………………………………2

1.3.1资源概况……………………………………………………………2

1.3.2资源类型及产区……………………………………………………3

1.3.3消费现状及预测……………………………………………………4

1.4高岭土研究概况……………………………………………………………5

1.4.1表面改性……………………………………………………………5

1.4.2高岭土的无机包覆…………………………………………………6

1.4.3高岭土应用的最新研究……………………………………………6

1.5实验思路及方法……………………………………………………………8

1.5.1实验原理……………………………………………………………8

1.5.2试验任务……………………………………………………………9

第二章 实验部分………………………………………………………………10

2.1实验用试剂和仪器设备……………………………………………………10

2.1.1实验试剂…………………………………………………………10

2.1.2实验仪器…………………………………………………………10

2.2 高岭土/2-氨基吡啶插层复合物的制备…………………………………11

2.2.1 前驱体 — 高岭土/二甲基亚砜插层复合物的制备…………11

2.2.2 高岭土/2-氨基吡啶插层复合物的制备………………………12

2.3产品表征……………………………………………………………………12

2.3.1红外光谱分析（FT-IR）……………………………………………12

2.3.2对产品进行差热分析（DTA）……………………………………12

2.3.3对产品经行XRD分析……………………………………………13

第三章 实验结果与讨论………………………………………………………14

3.1红外光谱分析及讨论………………………………………………………14

3.2差热分析（DTA）及讨论…………………………………………………15

3.3进行XRD分析及讨论……………………………………………………16

第四章 总结与展望……………………………………………………………17

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………18

致谢………………………………………………………………………………21

第一章 绪论

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