活性炭负载硅钨酸催化合成柠檬酸三丁酯毕业论文
2022-07-18 21:30:11
论文总字数:17847字
摘 要
柠檬酸酯类作为无毒增塑剂能用于生产包装材料和人体接触的医疗卫生用品等,在柠檬酸酯类无毒增塑剂中,目前已用于工业生产的是柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)。柠檬酸酯系列增塑剂是一种绿色环保的新型增塑剂,成为传统增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP) 的绿色替代品,受到了广泛关注。
柠檬酸三丁酯传统的合成催化剂多是浓硫酸,但使用浓硫酸副反应多,污染环境并严重腐蚀设备,反应时间长、产品纯度低、后处理过程复杂。为此更换酯化催化剂已成为当今研究开发的热点,人们在探索新的催化剂。目前,合成TBC的新型催化剂主要有杂多酸、离子液体以及固体超强酸等为催化剂代替浓硫酸对这一反应的研究。本文主要讲使用活性炭负载钨硅酸作催化剂催化柠檬酸与正丁醇酯化合成柠檬酸三丁酯,并取得很好的酯化效果,研究表明:该反应具有催化剂用量少、催化剂易回收并可重复利用,反应速率快、产率较高等特点。
用活性炭负载硅钨酸催化剂催化柠檬酸与正丁醇酯化合成柠檬酸三丁。对柠檬酸与正丁醇酯化反应条件进行优化,其优化条件是:在酸醇的摩尔比为1:6:0,催化剂的负载量为17.9%,催化剂用量为柠檬酸质量的1.2%,反应温度为150℃,反应时间为4小时,柠檬酸的酯化率达82.3%,产物经过红外光谱表征。
关键词:柠檬酸三丁酯;合成;硅钨酸;酯化
Catalytic Synthesis by silicotungstic acid Supported on Activated Carbon of Tributyl Citrate
ABSTRACT
Citric acid esters can be used of packaging materials and medical supplies as a non-toxic plasticizer. At present, has been used in industrial production is tributyl citrate (TBC). A series of plasticizers about citric acid ester is a new and green plasticizer, become a green alternatives of Octyl phthalate. It receives wide attention.
The conventional synthetic catalysts of tributyl citrate are mostly concentrated sulfuric acid. The disadvantage with concentrated sulfuric acid is side reactions, environmental pollution and corrosion of equipment, reaction time is too long, low purity and after-treatment is complex. So, replacement of catalysts has become a hot research and development. At present, synthesis TBC of new catalysts is mainly heteropolyacids, ionic liquids and solid superacid. This article is mainly about Catalytic Synthesis by silicotungstic acid Supported on Activated Carbon of Tributyl Citrate. Studies have shown that this reaction has characteristics of catalyst with less, easy recovery and reuse of the catalyst, fast reaction rate and yields higher.
Optimization of reaction conditions for the esterification, such as the molar ratio of acid to alcohol is 1:6:0, catalyst loading is 17.9%, the amount of catalyst was 1.2%, the reaction temperature is 150℃, reaction time is 4h and the esterification rate of citric acid is 82.3%. Product through IR spectroscopy.
KEYWORDS: Tributyl citrate;Synthesis;Silicotungstic acid;Esterification
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 录 III
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1 柠檬酸三丁酯的反应方程式 2
1.2 对柠檬酸三丁酯合成的研究和进展 2
1.2.1 浓硫酸催化剂 2
1.2.2 固体超强酸催化剂 3
1.2.3 杂多酸催化剂 4
1.2.4 离子液体催化剂 5
1.2.5 以树脂催化剂 6
1.2.6 其他催化剂 7
1.3 国内外杂多酸的研究现状 7
1.3.1 杂多酸及其重要性质 8
1.3.2 杂多酸固载化的载体研究 9
第二章 实验部分 11
2.1 主要试剂与仪器 11
2.2 实验部分 11
2.2.1 负载催化剂的制备 11
2.2.2 柠檬酸三丁酯的制备 11
2.3 产物分析 12
2.3.1 产物的IR及折光率 12
第三章 结果和讨论 13
3.1 催化剂负载量对酯化反应的影响 13
3.2 反应时间对酯化率的影响 13
3.3 反应温度对酯化率的影响 14
3.4 酸醇摩尔比对酯化率的影响 14
3.5 催化剂重复使用对酯化率的影响 15
3.6 本章小结 15
第四章 结论与展望 16
4.1 结论 16
4.2 展望 16
参考文献 17
致 谢 20
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