论文总字数：10417字

摘 要

本文介绍了以4,4’-联吡啶为母体，在联吡啶的氮原子上连接取代基：、4-乙酰联苯基、2-乙酰氨基、苄基、，合成3种紫精化合物，其中包括2种对称型紫精化合物和1非对称型紫精化合物。

运用红外、核磁、质谱对合成的产物进行表征，紫外可见光谱仪（UV-vis）、、循环伏安法（CV）对制备的化合物进行光学性质测试。通过分析紫外可见光谱可知，紫精类化合物均在近紫外区有吸收，循环伏安曲线结果显示，化合物几乎都具有两对氧化还原峰，这主要是由测试过程中化合物进行多次氧化还原造成的。其中包括二价阳离子到一价阳离子的氧化还原过程和一价阳离子到自然态的氧化还原过程。

关键词：紫精、合成、光致变色、展望

Abstract ：In this paper, three kinds of viologen compounds were synthesized from 4,4"-bipyridine, 4-acetylbiphenyl, 2-acetamide, benzyl and benzyl on the nitrogen atom of bipyridine, including two symmetric viologen compounds and one asymmetric viologen compound.

The synthesized products were characterized by infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The optical properties of the synthesized compounds were tested by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). According to the analysis of UV-Vis spectra, the viologen compounds are absorbed in the near-ultraviolet region. The cyclic voltammetry curves show that almost all the compounds have two redox peaks, which is mainly caused by multiple redox of the compounds during the testing process. It includes the redox process from divalent cation to monovalent cation and from monovalent cation to natural state.

Keywords:, Violet essence, synthesis, photochromism ，Prospect

目录

1 前言················································································· 3

2 实验部分············································································· 4

2.1 实验药品······································································· 4

2.2 实验仪器······································································· 4

2.3制备原理······································································· 4

2.4变色原理······································································· 4

2.5紫精化合物的合成····························································· 5

3 结果与讨论··········································································· 7

3.1 溶剂、温度和时间的选择························································· 7

3.2 化合物的红外图谱分析··························································· 8

3.3化合物的紫外可见吸收光谱······················································· 9

3.4 循环伏安法···································································· 11

结论·················································································· 13

致 谢············································································ ·14

参考文献·············································································· 15

1 前言

随着世界经济的快速发展，地球能源消耗严重，，随着能源的过度使用，可以让人民使用的能源已经变得越来越少了，已经造成了能源枯竭。

为了缓解能源和环境日益紧张的压力，实现经济的可持续发展，在开发新能源的同时，节能也至关重要。利用能源最大限度地提高能源利用效率是科学技术发展的一项重要任务。例如，建筑业占社会总能耗的比重很大，接近30%。因此，建筑行业的节能问题引起了科学研究者的广泛关注。智能窗用于改变室内温度和亮度。这种智能窗的设计原理是变色现象，一般存在于自然界中。根据激发方式的不同，有电致、光致、压致、热致和溶液变色现象。

紫精类化合物是有机小分子化合物，具有颜色丰富，变换速率快的特点，用于制备智能窗和液晶显示器，应用前景广阔。

电致变色材料（electrochromism materials）按照材料的类型分，可以分为无机电致变色材料和有机电致变色材料两大类[1]。

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