论文总字数：19691字

摘 要

裂殖壶菌能够对DHA也就是二十二碳六烯酸进行生产，是一种商业化发酵产DHA微生物，其特点是具有较短的生长周期、安全清晰的生理生化特性、较高的DHA含量，因而受到较多的关注；DHA作为一种不饱和脂肪酸，通常被叫做“脑黄金”，具有能够推动婴幼儿视力、大脑的发育，对心脑血管疾病以及老年痴呆进行预防的功效。β-胡萝卜素和虾青素是一种类胡萝卜素，具有对抗炎症、增强免疫功能、抗击肿瘤的发生、防止肌肤衰老。目前已广泛应用于食品、医药等行业。

本实验在34℃和15℃条件下对裂殖壶菌进行驯化，通过高温驯化、低温驯化来增强其耐热性以及耐寒性旨在缩短发酵周期、提高DHA和色素的产量并降低成本，对在34℃和15℃下生长优良的驯化菌进行发酵性能检测，一共设置5组实验（包括对照组），分别为34℃驯化菌在30、34℃下发酵，15℃驯化菌在15、30℃下发酵以及原始菌在30℃下发酵，并对其生物量、糖耗、油脂产量及β-胡萝卜素和虾青素产量进行检测分析。

在30℃下进行发酵，原始菌、高温驯化菌与低温驯化菌的生物量、β-胡萝卜素的产量和虾青素的产量差异不是很明显，在34℃下进行发酵，高温驯化菌的β-胡萝卜素的产量明显多于其余4组实验，此时虾青素产量极少，基本为0。在15℃下进行发酵，低温驯化菌生长较为缓慢，各项产物的产量差异不大。

关键词：裂殖壶菌 高温驯化 低温驯化 发酵 类胡萝卜素

Study on DHA oil and pigment produced by different domesticated Schizochytrium

Abstract

Schizochytrium sp, because it can produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), it has attracted much attention. It is one of the commercial microbial fermentation production strains of DHA, which has the characteristics of relatively short cycle, clear physiological and biochemical characteristics, safety and relatively high DHA content. DHA is an important omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, commonly known as "brain gold", which can promote the brain and visual development of infants and prevent the heart and brain The effect of vascular disease and senile dementia. β-carotene and astaxanthin are carotenoids, which can resist inflammation, enhance immune function, fight tumorigenesis and prevent skin aging. has been widely used in food, medicine and other industries.

In this experiment, Schizophyllum sp. was domesticated at 34 ℃ and 15 ℃, and its heat resistance and cold resistance were enhanced through high-temperature domestication and low-temperature domestication to shorten the fermentation cycle, increase the production of DHA and pigment and reduce the cost. The fermentation performance of different strains at 34 ℃ and 15 ℃ was tested. There were 5 groups of experiments (including the control group), which 34℃ acclimated strain were fermented at 30 and 34℃,15 acclimated strain were fermented at 15 and 30℃, and the original strain were fermented at 30℃. The biomass, glucose consumption, lipid yield and β-carotene and astaxanthin yield were detected and analyzed.

The biomass, β-carotene production and astaxanthin production of the original strain, high-temperature acclimation strain and low-temperature acclimation strain were not significantly different when they were fermented at 30 ℃. When they were fermented at 34 ℃, the β-carotene production of high-temperature acclimation strain was significantly higher than the other four groups. Meanwhile, astaxanthin production was very small, basically 0. At 15 ℃, the growth of acclimated bacteria was slow and the yield of products was not much.

Keywords: Schizochytriumsp; acclimation; carotenoid; fermentation

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1引言 1

1.2裂殖壶菌概述 1

1.3 虾青素的概述 1

1.4藻类产虾青素的研究进展 2

1.5胁迫与适应性的进化 2

1.6 β-胡萝卜素的情况 3

1.7 实验的研究意义 4

第二章 高低温驯化裂殖壶菌影响其油脂和色素的状况 5

2.1引言 5

2.2材料及方法 7

2.2.1菌种 7

2.2.2实验仪器 7

2.2.3实验试剂 7

2.2.4培养基 9

2.2.5实验方法 9

第三章 研究结果及讨论 12

3.1驯化菌株在发酵不同时间的生长状况 12

3.1.1 驯化菌在34℃下的生长状况 12

3.1.2 15℃驯化菌的生长情况 13

3.1.3对比30℃下原始菌和驯化菌的生长状况 15

3.2驯化菌发酵产β-胡萝卜素的情况 16

3.2.1 34℃驯化菌发酵产β-胡萝卜素情况 16

3.2.2 15℃驯化菌发酵产β-胡萝卜素情况 18

3.2.3 原始菌与驯化菌在30℃下发酵产β-胡萝卜素的情况对比 19

3.3驯化菌发酵产虾青素的情况 20

3.3.1 34℃驯化菌发酵产虾青素情况 20

3.3.2 15℃驯化菌发酵产虾青素的情况 21

3.3.3 原始菌与驯化菌在30℃下发酵产虾青素的情况对比 22

3.4 驯化菌发酵产油脂的情况 24

第四章 结论与展望 25

参考文献 26

致谢 28

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