论文总字数：18213字

摘 要

随着现代科技的进步，抗生素的种类和使用越来越多，在对人们的生活产生帮助的同时产生了很多问题，抗生素污染就是其中之一。氟苯尼考作为一种用于养殖场兽用抗生素，动物体内仅能吸收少量氟苯尼考，大部分以原药的形式通过尿液和粪便排除进入土壤和水源中，造成一系列的抗生素污染。本实验旨在筛选分离出能够降解氟苯尼考的菌株并进行性能优化。

从集约化养殖后的鸽粪中，富集培养筛选出四株降解菌株，通过实验选择降解率最高的菌株，利用高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定鸽粪中氟苯尼考的残余浓度并研究其在接种量、温度、pH不同时的降解能力，优化氟苯尼考高效菌的降解能力，由实验结果知，28℃时降解菌株G1（产碱杆菌）降解能力最强，温度过高或者过低均会抑制降解菌的降解能力；外界环境pH为8时，氟苯尼考高效菌的降解能力最强；不同的接种量对其降解性能影响并不明显，接菌量为5ml 时稍具优势。

综上，氟苯尼考降解菌在28℃，接种5ml降解菌，以及外界环境pH为8时，其降解效率最优为微生物降解抗生素提供研究方向与借鉴。

关键词：氟苯尼考 降解菌 筛选 优化

Abstract

With the progress of modern science and technology, there are more and more kinds of antibiotics and more and more antibiotics are used. While helping people's life, there are many problems. Antibiotic pollution is one of them. As a kind of antibiotic used in farm animals, flufenicol can only absorb a small amount of flufenicol in the animal body, and most of it is discharged into the soil and water source in the form of raw drugs through urine and feces, causing a series of antibiotic pollution. The aim of this experiment is to screen and isolate the strain that can degrade flurphenicol and optimize its performance.

From breeding, after their droppings, enrichment culture four strains screened degradation strains, choose the highest degradation rate of strain through the experiment, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of fluorine in pigeon dung the residual concentration of benzene nicol, and study its inoculation quantity, temperature, pH is not at the same time, the degradation of ability, optimize fluorobenzene nicol, efficient bacteria degradation ability, the experimental results, 28 ℃ degradation strain G1 (producing alkali coli) degradation ability, the strongest temperature too high or too low will inhibit the degradation of degrading bacteria ability; When the pH of the environment was 8, the degradation ability of the high-efficiency bacteria was the strongest. The effect of different inoculations on the degradation performance was not obvious, but it was slightly advantageous when the inoculations were 5ml.

In conclusion, fluorine benzene nicol, degrading bacteria at 28 ℃, the vaccination 5 ml degradation bacteria, and the external environment pH of 8, the degradation efficiency of the optimal research direction and reference for microbial degradation of antibiotics.

KEY WORDS:Florfenicol; Degradation bacteria Screening; Optimize

目 录

目 录 IV

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1抗生素简介 1

1.2抗生素残留的影响 1

1.2.1对生态环境的污染 1

1.2.2违背自然的正常发展规律 2

1.2.3对人类的生存造成威胁 2

1.3氟苯尼考 2

1.3.1 简介 2

1.3.2研究现状 3

1.3.3降解方法 3

1.4目的及意义 4

第二章 材料与方法 6

2.1 材料与试剂 6

2.2 实验步骤 7

2.2.1 氟苯尼考降解菌株筛选与鉴定 7

2.2.2氟苯尼考降解菌株性能研究 8

2.2.3 高效氟苯尼考降解菌培养优化 10

第三章 结果与讨论 12

3.1 菌株鉴定结果 12

3.2标准曲线的绘制 15

3.3 降解能力对比 15

3.4不同条件下氟苯尼考G1降解菌降解性能分析 16

第四章 结论与展望 20

4.1 结论 20

4.2 展望 20

参考文献 22

致谢 24

附录 25

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