论文总字数：19268字

摘 要

通过微通道混合器乳化脱除沼气中的CO₂，获得高纯度生物甲烷是沼气工程实现高值化利用的重要方式。本研究采用基于微化工技术的微混合装置增加气液两相的接触界面积，使气体与加压水之间发生乳化，实现拟均相混合，大幅提高传质效率，并对富含CO₂的乳化水的溢出性能进行考察，研究适宜的CO₂再生方式。该课题的开展可为降低沼气净化成本提供思路和基础数据。

本文采用微通道混合器进行加压水连续微混合乳化吸收二氧化碳并对其溢出性能进行考察。以去离子水为吸收剂，比较了手指交叉型微混合器和心型微混合器的脱碳性能，结果表明：手指交叉型微混合器更适合用于沼气脱碳，在此基础上探索了气液分离罐的罐压、再生温度和鼓气对乳化水中CO₂溢出性能的研究，并对不同TC含量的再生水脱除CO₂的性能进行考察。结果表明，罐压的减小、再生温度的增大和通氮气都会提高CO₂溢出率。当罐内压为0.6Mpa时，乳化水的CO₂溢出率为88.1%，但水中残留的CO₂在常温下溢出速度极低。当再生温度达到80℃、通入氮气，可明显提高CO₂溢出速率。研究发现再生水中TC的含量低于37mg/L时，再生水用于脱除CO₂依然能达到97%以上。

以上研究结果表明：通过微通道混合器可以提高脱碳的传质效率，优化工艺条件可以加快CO₂释放，缩短乳化水的再生时间并降低能耗，实现对水的循环利用。

关键词：微通道；脱碳；溢出速率；生物甲烷；再生

Abstract

Emulsification of CO2 in biogas by microchannel mixer to obtain high-purity biomethane is an important way to achieve high value utilization of biogas projects. In this study, the micro-mixing device based on micro-chemical technology is used to increase the contact boundary area between gas and liquid, so that emulsification between gas and pressurized water can achieve pseudo-homogeneous mixing, greatly improve mass transfer efficiency, and be rich in CO2. The stability of the emulsion was investigated to study the appropriate CO2 regeneration method. The development of this topic can provide ideas and basic data for reducing the cost of biogas purification.

In this paper, a microchannel mixer was used for continuous micro-mixing and emulsification of carbon dioxide in pressurized water and its overflow performance was investigated. Deionized water was used as the absorbent to compare the decarburization performance of the finger-crossing micro-mixer and the heart-shaped micro-mixer. The results show that the finger-crossing type micro-mixer is more suitable for biogas decarburization, and on this basis, it is explored. The tank pressure, regeneration temperature and gas-liquid separation tank were studied for the CO2 overflow performance in the emulsified water, and the performance of CO2 removal from different TC content regeneration water was investigated. The results show that the reduction of tank pressure, the increase of regeneration temperature and the passage of nitrogen will increase the CO2 overflow rate. When the internal pressure of the tank is 0.6 MPa, the CO2 overflow rate of the emulsified water is 88.1%, but the residual CO2 in the water overflows at a normal temperature at an extremely low rate. When the regeneration temperature reaches 80 ° C and nitrogen is introduced, the CO 2 overflow rate can be significantly increased. The study found that when the content of TC in reclaimed water is lower than 37mg/L, the recycled water can still reach 97% or more for CO2 removal.

The above research results show that the mass transfer efficiency of decarburization can be improved by the microchannel mixer, and the optimization of the process conditions can accelerate the release of CO2, shorten the regeneration time of the emulsified water and reduce the energy consumption, and realize the recycling of water.

Key Words: Micro-channel; Decarburization; Spill rate; Biomethane; regeneration

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1背景 1

1.1.1 沼气和生物甲烷的性质 1

1.2常用脱碳的传统方法 1

1.2.1 低温分离法 1

1.2.2吸附分离法 2

1.2.3膜分离法 2

1.2.4溶剂吸收法 2

1.3 微通道技术 4

1.3.1 微通道反应器的优势 4

1.3.2 微通道反应器内气液两相的传质特点 5

1.3.3 微通道装置脱除气体中二氧化碳的研究进展 6

1.4 本文研究的意义与目的 7

第二章 材料与方法 8

2.1 实验装置 8

2.2 实验器材 9

2.3 试验方法 9

2.3.1 加压水微混合吸收CO₂的考察 9

2.3.2乳化水中CO₂溢出性能考察 10

2.3.3 再生水脱碳性能的考察 11

第三章 结果与讨论 12

3.1 操作压力对不同类型微混合器脱碳性能的影响 12

3.2 气液分离罐内部罐压对乳化水溢出CO₂的影响 12

3.3 再生温度对乳化水溢出CO₂的影响 14

3.4 鼓气对乳化水溢出CO₂的影响 15

3.5 再生水脱碳性能的考察 15

第四章 结论与展望 17

4.1 结论 17

4. 2 展 望………………………………………………………………………..17

参考文献……………………………………………………………………………..18

致谢 20

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