大肠杆菌乳醛脱氢酶性质改造毕业论文
2022-03-25 19:27:16
论文总字数:22012字
摘 要
本实验采用大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21 (DE 3)的基因组为模板,获得乳醛脱氢酶的基因,并通过酶切连接,将其插入到表达载体pET-22b中,获得重组质粒pET-22b-aldA。采用QuickChange定点突变方式,定点突变获得L158Y、H449R 2种突变酶。经测序鉴定后,可得与预期位点突变一致的突变。在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达了2种突变酶和野生型乳醛脱氢酶,通过硫酸铵沉淀和离子交换层析两步纯化,得到电泳纯的野生型乳醛脱氢酶和2种突变酶。对野生型乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的酶活及动力学常数等进行了比较和分析,获得了提高催化效率和提高酶的温度稳定性的两种突变。其中突变H449R对于底物乳醛的结合力大幅上升,米氏常数 Km较野生型降低了一个数量级;其酶活达到野生型的2.3倍,1.73U/mg;催化效率kcat/ Km(s-1mM-1)值为847,是野生型的16倍。同时突变L158Y在相对于野生型乳醛脱氢酶酶活有小幅提高外,其温度稳定性有明显的提高,在55℃条件下水浴1小时,活性仍能保持原有活性的60%。
关键词:大肠杆菌 乳醛脱氢酶 定点突变 酶学性质
Modification and characterization of lactaldehyde dehydrogenase in Escherichia coil
Abstract
In this study,it used the genome of Escherichia coil BL21(DE 3) as a template,to obtain lactaldehyde dehydrogenase gene,and through digestion connection,insert it into the expression vector pET-22b,and then acquire the recombinant plasmid pET-22b-aldA.By using site-directed mutagenesis of QuickChange,we can obtain 2 types of mutation enzymes,and they are L158Y,H449R.After being identified by sequencing,we can obtain mutation consistent with the expected mutation site.Two types of mutant and wild-type enzyme lactaldehyde dehydrogenase expressed highly in Escherichia coil BL21(DE 3),a two-step purification by ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatographic,and then obtain electrophoresis,pure wild-type lactate dehydrogenase and two types of mutation enzymes.Wild-type and mutant lactate dehydrogenase activity and kinetic constants were compared and analyzed to obtain the two mutations improving the catalytic efficiency and the temperature stability of the enzyme.Witch binding force of mutation H449R with substrate aldehyde is increasing substantially.Michaelis constant Km reduced an order of magnitude than the wild-type.Its activity reached 2.3 times of that of the wild type,1.73U/mg;the value of catalytic efficiency kcat/Km(s-1mM-1) is 847,is 16 times of that of the wild type.At the same time,compared to the activity of wild-type aldehyde dehydrogenase,the activity of the mutation L158Y has increased slightly,and its temperature stability has improved significantly.At 55℃,water bath for 1 hour,its activity can maintain 60% of the original activity.
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Key words: Escherichia coil; lactaldehyde dehydrogenase; Site;-directed mutagenesis; Enzymatic property
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 引言 1
1.1醛类脱氢酶简介 1
1.1.1基本介绍 1
1.1.2 研究概况 1
1.2 乳醛脱氢酶简介 2
1.2.1 基本介绍 2
1.2.2 研究概况 2
第二章 定点突变改变乳醛脱氢酶活性和温度稳定性 4
2.1实验材料 4
2.1.1 主要仪器和设备 4
2.1.2 实验试剂 5
2.1.3工具酶,分子量标准和试剂盒 6
2.1.4 菌种与质粒 7
2.1.5 培养基 7
2.2实验方法 8
2.2.1菌种培养 8
2.2.2野生型大肠杆菌乳醛脱氢酶的构建 8
2.2.2.1野生型大肠杆菌乳醛脱氢酶引物设计 8
2.2.2.2 基因扩增及PCR产物回收 8
2.2.2.3重组质粒的构建 8
2.2.3突变质粒的构建和表达 9
2.2.3.1突变引物的设计 9
2.2.3.2定点突变方法 9
2.2.4 野生型大肠杆菌乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的表达 11
2.2.5野生型大肠杆菌乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的分离与纯化 11
2.2.5.1 粗酶液的制备 11
2.2.5.2 硫酸铵沉淀 11
2.2.5.3 离子交换层析 11
2.2.6蛋白浓度和乳醛脱氢酶酶活检测 11
2.2.6.1 蛋白浓度检测 11
2.2.6.2 乳醛脱氢酶酶活检测 12
2.2.7 突变酶的酶学性质研究 12
2.2.7.1 突变酶的最适pH的测定 12
2.2.7.2 突变酶的最适温度测定 12
2.2.7.3 突变酶的温度稳定性测定 12
2.2.7.4 突变酶的动力学常数测定 12
第三章 实验结果与讨论 13
3.1 目的基因aldA的扩增 13
3.2表达载体的构建及鉴定 13
3.3突变酶的鉴定 14
3.4 野生型乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的表达 14
3.5 野生型乳醛脱氢酶及其突变酶的分离纯化 15
3.6 突变酶的活性检测 16
3.7 乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的酶学性质测定 17
3.7.1 乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的最适温度测定 17
3.7.2乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的最适pH测定 17
3.7.3 乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的温度稳定性测定 18
3.7.4 乳醛脱氢酶及其突变的动力学常数测定 19
第四章 结论与展望 21
参考文献 22
致谢 25
- 引言
1.1醛类脱氢酶简介
1.1.1基本介绍
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