论文总字数：22689字

摘 要

随着社会经济的发展，城市机动化发展迅速，交通拥堵问题加剧，不仅可能会导致安全事故，尾气和噪声对环境也会产生恶劣影响。解决城市交通拥堵问题的有效途径之一就是利用交通信号控制系统来管理车辆运行，使其合理、有序。随着科学技术的进步，交通信号控制系统朝着智能方向发展，本文以感应式信号控制系统作为研究重点。

本文在总结前人工作的基础上，对感应式信号系统模块进行了设计，包括确定感应方式，如何布设车辆检测器，感应范围的选取还有信号控制系统的控制流程。构建感应式信号控制的模型，详细讨论了它的工作流程。并通过对交叉口的实地调研，采集到了基础的车流信息和信号灯时间。

通过VISSIM仿真建模，将感应式信号控制与实际定时控制方式进行比较。通过对比相同时间内不同控制方式通过的车辆数、车辆的排队长度和停车次数等来分析验证感应控制的有效性。结果表明，感应式信号控制在这些评价指标上都优于固定配时，在相同时间内通过的车流量更多，而且排队长度、停车次数也比固定配时更少。

本文研究发现，感应式信号控制能缓解交通拥堵、提高道路服务水平、减少尾气排放及能源消耗，并且能对行车的安全性起到积极作用。随着科技的发展，对感应式信号控制系统的研究也在不断深入，在未来这将在解决交通拥堵问题方面发挥重要的作用。

关键词：感应式信号控制 车辆 交叉口通行效率 VISSIM仿真

Research on Traffic-Actuated Signal Control System based on Vehicle Flow

Abstract

With the development of social economy, the rapid development of urban motorization and the aggravation of traffic congestion may not only lead to safety accidents, but also have adverse effects on the environment from exhaust gas and noise. One of the effective ways to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion is to use traffic signal control system to manage the operation of vehicles and make them reasonable and orderly. With the development of technology, traffic signal control is moving towards intelligence, the Traffic-Actuated signal control is taken as the research focus in this paper.

By reading about other research findings, the design of Traffic-Actuated signal control system module is carried out, contains what kind of induction mode to use, how to install vehicle detectors, how to select the induction range and how to control the signal control system.And the model of Traffic-Actuated signal control is constructed, the control flow is also described. Through the field investigation of intersections, basic traffic flow information and signal time are collected.

Through VISSIM simulation, it is analyzed together with the original control mode. The effectiveness of induction control is verified by comparing the number of vehicles passing through different control modes in the same time, the queue length of vehicles and the number of parking times. The results show that the Traffic-Actuated signal control is superior to the fixed timing in these evaluation indicators, and the number of vehicles passing through the entrance of the intersection has increased, and the vehicle delays and parking times have been optimized.

Through the research of this paper, it is found that the Traffic-Actuated signal control can real-time arrange vehicle traffic or waiting, thus alleviating traffic congestion, improving road service level, reducing exhaust emissions and energy consumption, and can play a positive role in driving safety. With the development of science and technology, the research of Traffic-Actuated signal control system is also deepening, which will play an important role in solving traffic congestion in the future.

 Key Words: Traffic-Actuated Signal Control; Traffic; Intersection Operating Efficiency; VISSIM

目 录

摘要………………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论……………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 研究背景………………………………………………………………………1

1.2 研究目的与意义………………………………………………………………1

1.3 研究内容………………………………………………………………………2

1.3.1 感应式信号控制系统设计…………………………………………2

1.3.2 感应式信号控制模型构建…………………………………………2

1.3.3 基础数据采集和仿真评价…………………………………………2

1.4 技术路线………………………………………………………………………2

第二章 国内外研究综述……………………………………………………………4

2.1 概述……………………………………………………………………………4

2.2 感应式信号控制发展现状……………………………………………………4

2.2.1 国内外应用现状……………………………………………………4

2.2.2 国内外研究现状……………………………………………………5

2.3 趋势总结………………………………………………………………………6

第三章 感应式信号控制系统设计………………………………………………7

3.1 基本概述………………………………………………………………………7

3.2 主要参数………………………………………………………………………8

3.2.1 最小绿灯时间………………………………………………………8

3.2.2 单位延长绿灯时间…………………………………………………8

3.2.3 最大绿灯时间………………………………………………………9

3.3 系统模块设计…………………………………………………………………9

3.3.1 信息采集系统………………………………………………………9

3.3.2 信号控制系统………………………………………………………11

第四章 感应式信号控制模型构建………………………………………………12

4.1 构建目标………………………………………………………………………12

4.2 控制流程………………………………………………………………………12

4.3 控制参数………………………………………………………………………15

4.3.1 车辆排队长度最大值………………………………………………15

4.3.2 排队消散时间………………………………………………………16

4.3.3 交通密度……………………………………………………………16

4.3.4 最大等待时间………………………………………………………16

4.4 指标体系………………………………………………………………………16

第五章 VISSIM仿真实验…………………………………………………………18

5.1 案例选取………………………………………………………………………18

5.1.1 交叉口概况……………………………………………………………18

5.1.2 基础数据采集…………………………………………………………19

5.2 仿真参数取值…………………………………………………………………20

5.3 仿真结果分析…………………………………………………………………21

第六章 结论与展望…………………………………………………………………27

6.1 研究成果………………………………………………………………………27

6.2 展望……………………………………………………………………………27

参考文献………………………………………………………………………………29

致谢……………………………………………………………………………………31

第一章 绪论

1.1 研究背景

随着社会经济的发展，城市机动化发展迅速，因汽车的普及，车流量也不断增加。但尽管城市的规模在不断扩大、道路建设在不断完善，过大汽车保有量仍对交通运行造成了不可忽视的影响。交通拥堵问题加剧，不仅可能会导致安全事故，尾气和噪声对环境也会产生恶劣影响。

日益严重的交通拥堵不仅造成了道路通行能力的下降，也会增加汽车燃油的消耗和交通延误。交通拥堵和交通秩序混乱而引发的安全事故、交通污染等对人们的生活产生了很大影响，解决交通问题已成为当务之急。现在老百姓的生活中存在的主要交通问题有：交通拥堵严重，行车延误造成了巨大的时间和经济损失；交通污染加剧，车辆因拥堵而造成巨大的噪声污染和尾气污染；资源浪费，汽车燃油消耗大、因拥堵而不断拓宽道路使土地资源浪费。

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