外文原文

Research on traffic safety and industry administration of drivers training

Qianghua zhou weijiang yu

The department of highway administration

Ministry of communication of P.R.C

In the modern society life，vehicle is a main means of transportation, and when itrsquo;s running on road ,accidents will take place unavoidably. China is socialist developing country. In pace with social advancing，development of national economy and peoplersquo;s living level rapidly improved, the number of vehicles increases swiftly and violently. However, the continuously increasing accidents have caused enormous losses of national and peoplersquo;s lives and properties. Human is one of main factors that influence the rate of accidents, among which the proportion of driversrsquo; assuming ultimate and full responsibility is above 70 percent. Driversrsquo; performances directly impact their safety reliability, so the qualities of vehiclesrsquo; drivers training are of momentous significance to reduce the rates of traffic accidents. The paper introduces the general developing situation of training in china and provides several proposals for further improving of drivers training qualities.

I. The general developing situation of drivers training in China

The work of industry administration of training has gone through a transforming process that is from the MOCrsquo;s (the ministry of communications) administering to MOPSrsquo;s (the ministry of public safety) administering and then to MOCrsquo;s administering again.

Around the year of new Chinarsquo;s establishing, it was communications departments that were in charge of the work of traffic safety, motor vehiclersquo;s drivers training and making of laws and regulations. With the development of Chinarsquo;s cities, vehicles are mainly distributed over Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing and the few cities of Northeast region with traffic polices. The public safety departments are in charge of the work of traffic safety and drivers training in urban districts, while the communications departments are in charge of work in suburban and on highway. Up to the middle of 80s, there are few than 40 cities where the work of traffic safety and driver training is under the charge of MOPS. Under the situation of urban and rural vehicles increasing by a wide margin, early in1986 when the State Council reformed the system of roadway administration, it decided to transfer the work of supervising and administering to MOPS for solving the problem of multi-head administration, over-lapping organizations, multi-department issuing polices respectively, departments wrangling mutually and so on, and also for the needs of reform and construction of economy. Since then, MOPS has been in charge of the work of urban and rural traffic administration.

After the public safety departments taking over the work of traffic administration, they have handled many affairs on the aspects of vehiclesrsquo; drivers training. Nevertheless there are some malpractice that is represented as follows:

Because of lacking supervisory system, the quality of training in some regions is decreasing and the number of traffic accidents is increasing rapidly. For improving driversrsquo; performances, reducing the rates of traffic accidents, establishing the new system of supervising and conditioning each other, in 1994, the State Council carried out a reform of government structure. It re-divided responsibilities of departments and made clear that the communications department are responsible for administering the school of drivers training and drivers training, and the public safety departments are responsible for work of drivers examining and issuing certificates.

II. Enforcing the macro-administration of drivers training trades and improving the training quality

Since taking over the work of industry administration of drivers training, the communications departments have strengthened the administering of training schools and drivers training industry. There are following several main aspects of measures:

• Lay down the rules and regulations of drivers training industry administration, the plan of development, training standards, the requirements of training schools starting business.
• Check and approve the program of starting business and be in charge of checking and approving.
• Draw up teaching plan and teaching program and compiling teaching materials.
• Exam and approve the certificate of trainee, the plate of learner-driven vehicle, the certificate for having completed driving course and so on.
• Coordinate the corresponding work of motor vehiclesrsquo; drivers training.
• Spread the advanced experiences and new technology.
• Provide drivers training with high grade services.
• Keep order of vehiclesrsquo; drivers training.
• Protect fair competition.
• Ensure drivers training industry developing healthily.

The good and bad of drivers training school has directly to do with training qualities. According to the corresponding stipulations of the measures adopted by drivers training industry administration and Chinarsquo;s actual situations, the basic requirements of training schools starting business are worked out as follows:

• The training school should be equipped with essential teaching tools.
• The teaching of maintenance and fixing breakdowns should outfit the engine platform of fixing breakdowns, the hanging drawing of an entire vehicle, the board of teaching by demonstration or material object, equipment of audio-visual education program, video disks of driving, disassembling and assembling, maintaining and fix breakdowns and so on.

The drivers training schools can be divided into the following two kinds:

All the schools that are geared to the needs of society and engaged in civil vehiclesrsquo; drivers training are called school of vehi

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