论文总字数：26620字

摘 要

本文在对地铁特征与车站客流承载能力进行关系研究过程中，主要通过以下几个方向的研究，对两者之间的关系进行分析探讨。

1. 在对地铁车站客流进行数据调查、统计和分析，得知乘客在车站内不同的分布状况，了解地铁客流的一些特征。根据对不同乘客的行为进行分析，可以得到乘客在候车时分为候车状态、上车前集中状态、上下乘客互换状态三个状态。
2. 在对地铁客流特征研究过程中，分析影响服务设施对客流的影响。通过服务设施对客流的影响分析，可以得知在对服务设施进行规划设计时，一切的前提都应该是以保障乘客正常出行为第一目的，然后再考虑减少资源的浪费。
3. 通过对地铁车站的调查，了解地铁车站内服务设施的信息，在分析数据的过程中对地铁服务设施的通行能力进行了计算。在计算过程中，我们可以得知在出入口与通道的通行能力时近乎相同的，通道和楼扶梯的通行能力都与行人的密度与速度有关，而安检机的通行能力在计算过程中与行人的速度没有任何的关系。自动售票机的通行能力取决于乘客使用售票机所花费的时间，时间越长通行能力越低；闸机与乘客通过的时间与速度有关。
4. 对地铁内各设施在设计上的规范进行了解，并在其基础上对车站客流承载能力进行计算。

在车站客流承载能力与车站服务设施通行能力的基础上，对客流瓶颈的情况进行分析研究，得到客流特征与车站承载能力之间的关系。

关键词：客流特征；服务设施；承载能力；关系；

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we study the relationship between the characteristics of the subway and the carrying capacity of the station, mainly through the following research.

(1) in the subway station passenger traffic data survey, statistics and analysis, that the passengers in the station within the different distribution of the characteristics of subway passenger flow. According to the analysis of the behavior of different passengers, passengers can be obtained in the waiting time is waiting for the state, on the train before the state, the upper and lower passenger exchange state three states.

(2) in the subway passenger flow characteristics of the study process, analysis of the impact of service facilities on passenger flow. Through the analysis of the impact of service facilities on passenger flow, we can see that in the planning and design of service facilities, all the premise should be to protect the passengers for the first purpose of the trip, and then consider reducing the waste of resources.

(3) Through the investigation of the subway station, the information of the service facilities in the subway station is understood, and the capacity of the subway service facilities is calculated in the process of analyzing the data. In the calculation process, we can know that the entrances and exits with the channel capacity is almost the same, the passage and the escalator capacity and pedestrians are related to the density and speed, and the security capacity of the security machine in the calculation process with the pedestrian Speed ​​without any relationship. The capacity of the vending machine depends on the time spent by the passenger using the ticket machine, and the longer the capacity is, the less the time and speed of the passing of the gate and the passenger.

(4) to understand the design specifications of the facilities in the subway, and to calculate the carrying capacity of the passenger capacity on the basis of the station.

Based on the passenger capacity of the station and the capacity of the station service facilities, the paper analyzes the situation of the passenger bottleneck and obtains the relationship between the passenger flow characteristics and the carrying capacity of the station.

KEYWORDS：Passenger flow characteristics；Service facilities；carrying capacity；relationship；

目录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章：绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究目的及意义 1

1.3研究现状 2

1.4研究内容及技术路线 2

第二章：地铁客流特征分析 4

2.1客流的形成 4

2.2客流调查 4

2.3地铁客流特征分析 4

2.3.1客流的时间特征 4

2.3.2客流的空间特征 6

2.3.3站台候车客流特征 6

2.4客流影响因素分析 7

第三章：地铁服务设施对客流的影响分析 8

3.1服务设施的设计依据 8

3.1.1出入口及通道设计规范 8

3.1.2站厅层设施设计规范 9

3.1.3站台设计标准 11

3.2地铁服务设施对客流的影响分析 12

3.2.1出入口对客流的影响分析 12

3.2.2通道对客流的影响分析 12

3.2.3站厅层设施对客流的影响分析 13

3.2.4站台层设施对客流的影响分析 13

第四章：车站客流承载能力计算 15

4.1地铁车站承载能力定义 15

4.2车站各设施通行能力计算 15

4.2.1出入口 15

4.2.2通道 15

4.2.3安检 16

4.2.4自动售票机 17

4.2.5闸机 18

4.2.6楼梯、自动扶梯通行能力计算 19

4.3基于设计规范的下马坊站承载能力计算 20

第五章：地铁服务设施的布局优化 23

5.1车站客流瓶颈分析 23

5.1.1进站客流瓶颈分析 23

5.1.2出站客流瓶颈分析 23

5.2地铁服务设施的布置原则 24

5.3基于客流瓶颈对服务设施布局优化进行分析 24

5.3.1出入口 24

5.3.2通道 25

5.3.3站厅层设施 26

5.3.4站台层设施 28

第六章：总结 30

致谢 31

参考文献 32

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