摘 要

人工智能作为第四次科技革命的领军者，已经引起广泛重视，被美国、中国、日本等多个国家上升到国家战略层面进行规划布局。基于中美在AI领域的领先地位，两国在国际上的竞争关系不言而喻。为了提升我国AI产业的综合实力，本文通过对比分析中美AI产业国际竞争力，借鉴美国的发展经验，为我国AI产业的进一步发展提供建议。

研究以钻石模型为基础，具化了影响AI产业竞争力的钻石体系因素，确定了分析标准。综合中国信通院、清华大学中国科技政策研究中心、CB Insights等平台所提供的相关数据，以及产业实际发展状况，在对比分析中总结出制约中国AI产业国际竞争力的因素。

研究发现中国AI产业与美国的差距主要在于基础研究水平落后、人才储备不足、自主创新产品推广受阻、顶层规划设计不够清晰。由此，本文给出了针对性的建议以促进AI在各行各业落地生根，为国民经济和福利带来积极作用，为我国在国家竞争格局中争取有利位置。

关键词：人工智能；国际竞争力；对比分析；钻石要素

Abstract

As the leader of the fourth scientific and technological revolution, Artificial Intelligence has attracted attention worldwide and has been lifted to the national strategic level by the United States, China, Japan and other countries. Based on the leading position of China and the United States in AI, the international competition between the two countries is self-evident. In order to enhance the comprehensive strength of AI industry in China, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the international competitiveness of AI industry between China and the United States. What’s more it draws lessons from the experience of the United States to provide suggestions for the further development of AI industry in China.

Based on the diamond model, the paper determines the diamond system factors affecting the competitiveness of AI industry and the evaluation standards. With the data provided by CITIC, Tsinghua University China Science and Technology Policy Research Center, CB Insights and other platforms, as well as the actual development of the industry, the factors that restrict the international competitiveness of AI industry in China are summarized in the comparative analysis.

It’s found that the gap between China and the United States is mainly due to the backward level of basic research, insufficient talent reserve, impediment to the promotion of the independent innovation products, and ambiguous top-level planning and design. Therefore, this paper gives specific suggestions to help AI take root in all professions and trades, bring positive effects to national economy and welfare, and strive for a favorable position in China’s national competition pattern.

Key Words: Artificial Intelligence; international competitiveness; comparative analysis; diamond model

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

1. 绪论 1

1.1选题背景、目的及意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.3研究的思路与方法 3

2. 相关概念界定和理论基础 4

2.1人工智能的定义与人工智能产业的界定 4

2.2影响产业竞争力的钻石体系因素 4

3. 中国人工智能产业国际竞争力分析 6

3.1中国人工智能产业国际竞争力现状 6

3.2影响中国人工智能产业国际竞争力的钻石要素分析 6

3.2.1要素条件 6

3.2.2需求条件 9

3.2.3相关及支撑产业 10

3.2.4企业的战略、结构和竞争 10

3.2.5政府 11

3.2.6机遇 12

4. 美国人工智能产业国际竞争力分析 13

4.1美国人工智能产业国际竞争力现状 13

4.2影响美国人工智能产业国际竞争力的钻石要素分析 13

4.2.1要素条件 13

4.2.2需求条件 15

4.2.3相关及支撑产业 16

4.2.4企业的战略、结构和竞争 16

4.2.5政府 17

4.2.6机会 18

5. 影响中美人工智能产业国际竞争力的钻石要素比较 19

5.1要素条件 19

5.2需求条件 19

5.3相关及支撑产业 19

5.4企业的战略、结构和竞争 20

5.5政府 20

5.6机会 20

5.7比较小结 21

6. 结论与建议 22

参考文献 24

致 谢 25

1. 绪论

1.1选题背景、目的及意义

在科学技术迅猛发展的当下，人工智能作为一种当今人类所面临的最为关键的技术变革，已被视为第四次工业革命的标志。前三次工业革命对于世界经济格局的重构都产生了至关重要的作用，把握好人工智能产业的意义不言而喻。