中美农产品贸易现状、问题及对策研究
2022-10-28 10:03:40
论文总字数:16906字
摘 要
自从加入WTO,中国农业进出口贸易大幅增长,但仍存在一些问题和制约因素。在当今中国,农产品需要“走出去”才能不断提高自身的国际竞争力,才能够保护本国农产品和本土企业在出口贸易时不会受到以美国为首的发达国家进行的反倾销调查,技术性壁垒,关税配额等阻碍。美国作为一个发达国家,在资源、科技、政府对农业的支持等方面具有优势,使美国成为世界农业生产和农产品出口的强国。但因为各国间的贸易是以本国利益为基础的,美国在于中国进行农产品贸易时,为了保护本国利益和本国国内农产品贸易的持续发展,美国会不断对中国出口的农产品进行妨碍。本文对中美两国农业贸易的发展与竞争力进行了比较,吸收借鉴了美国农业贸易的成功经验,对提高我国农产品贸易竞争力,加快农业贸易发展具有重要意义。
本文在国际贸易理论的基础上,首先分析了中国和美国的农业资源和农业发展。在此基础上,分析比较了两国农业贸易规模,分析两国农产品贸易现状与两国贸易摩擦。最后,本文提出了发展我国农产品贸易的对策与建设。
关键词:中国,美国,农产品贸易,摩擦,分析
The Status Quo, Problems and Countermeasures of Agricultural Products Trade between China and the United States
Abstract
Since China's accession to the WTO, China's agricultural import and export trade has grown substantially, but there are still some problems and constraints. In today's China, agricultural products need to “go global” in order to continuously improve their international competitiveness, in order to protect their agricultural products and local enterprises from export anti-dumping investigations, technical barriers, tariff quotas in developed countries. Waiting for obstacles. As a developed country, the United States has advantages in resources, science and technology, and government support for agriculture, making the United States a world power for agricultural production and agricultural exports. However, because the trade between countries is based on domestic interests, the United States will continue to hinder the export of agricultural products in China in order to protect its own interests and the continued development of its domestic agricultural products trade. This paper compares the development and competitiveness of agricultural trade between China and the United States, and draws on the successful experience of American agricultural trade. It is of great significance to improve the competitiveness of China's agricultural trade and accelerate the development of agricultural trade.
Based on the theory of international trade, this paper first analyzes the agricultural resources and agricultural development of China and the United States. On this basis, the paper analyzes and compares the scale of agricultural trade between the two countries, and analyzes the current situation of agricultural trade between the two countries and the trade friction between the two countries. Finally, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and construction of developing China's agricultural trade.
Keywords: China, The United States, Agricultural trade, Friction, Analysis
目 录
摘 要 I
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 1
第二章 文献综述 2
第三章 中美农产品贸易现状 4
3.1 中美农产品贸易增速放缓 4
3.2 中国出口的增速快于美国 4
3.3 中美农产品贸易结构单一 5
3.4 中美农产品贸易存在互补性 6
3.5 美国是中国进出口量最大的贸易国 7
第四章 中美农产品贸易存在的问题 7
4.1 技术型壁垒的限制 7
4.2 美国对中国的反倾销调查日益频繁 9
4.3 美国对中国设置的过高的关税及偏低的配额 10
4.4 中国农产品的价格设置不当 10
4.5 中国农产品的质量不合格 11
4.6 中国的企业自我保护能力弱 12
第五章 促进中美农产品贸易发展的对策 14
5.1 保护资源环境 14
5.1.1 保护耕地 14
5.1.2 保护水资源 14
5.2 控制人口的增长 14
5.3 加大科技投入,改善生产方式 15
5.3.1 重视农业的科技发展 15
5.3.2 改善农业生产方式 15
5.4 提高产品质量,提高产品国际竞争力 15
5.5 完善农产品贸易政策,提高农业保护水平 15
5.5.1 完善政策法规,加强监督管理 15
5.5.2 限制市场准入,保护国内粮食安全 16
5.5.3 增加“绿色”补贴,充分使用“绿色”补贴 16
致谢 17
参考文献(References) 18
第一章 绪 论
1.1 研究背景
1978年,中国农村实行市场化改革,此后,农业生产经历了快速发展的过程,生产的农产品的品种不断增加,而农业生产的条件大幅改观。
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