论文总字数：23944字

摘 要

纺织业是中国重要的出口创汇产业之一，浙江省是中国纺织品生产和出口大省，连续多年在全国各省市纺织品出口总量中位居第一。纺织业作为浙江省传统优势产业，其出口状况对浙江省的国民经济发展、出口创收和劳动就业等具有重要作用。自世界金融危机对浙江省纺织品出口产生严重冲击，浙江省纺织品出口的多种问题和弊端再次在中美贸易战和新冠肺炎疫情中显现出来，出口贸易面临着前所未有的挑战。

浙江省纺织品出口的现状主要表现在：出口总量始终保持着稳步增长的发展趋势，但近几年纺织品出口增速下降，并且占全省出口比重逐年下降；浙江省纺织品出口贸易方式以一般贸易为主，并且比重不断上升，加工贸易比重逐年下降；私营中小型企业是浙江省纺织业的主要市场主体；从出口对象来看，美国、日本、欧洲是浙江省纺织品的主要出口市场；来自印度、越南等发展中国家和美国、德国等发达国家的竞争日益激烈；中美贸易战和新冠肺炎疫情轮番冲击纺织品的出口。在研究纺织品出口现状的过程中，通过相关数据的对比分析，发现浙江省纺织品出口暴露出以下问题：产业结构和出口增长方式不合理；出口依存度偏高，出口市场过于集中；中小企业竞争力和抗风险能力弱；产品技术含量和附加值较低；纺织行业低成本优势逐渐消失；行业相关资源要素紧缺。

为促进浙江省纺织品出口贸易持续健康发展，浙江省纺织业可以采取以下发展对策和建议：首先，调整优化纺织产品、产业结构；其次，针对出口依存度偏高和市场过于集中的问题，应扩大内需同时拓宽国外新兴市场；针对中小企业规模较小引发的弊端，应加快企业向集团化发展，发挥产业集群效应；针对产品技术含量和附加值较低的劣势，应加大在创新方面和人才培养方面的投入；针对劳动力、原材料、电力等生产要素成本上升的难题，发挥政府宏观调控作用扶持企业；对于不同形式的贸易保护主义，要完善纺织品出口策略和对外贸易预警机制。

关键词：浙江省；纺织品；出口现状；对策

Research on the Present Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of Textile Export in Zhejiang Province

Abstract

Textile industry is one of the most important export-oriented industries in China. Zhejiang Province is a major producer and exporter of textile products in China, ranking first in the total textile export volume of all provinces and cities in the country for many years. Textile industry, as a traditional advantageous industry in Zhejiang,, its export plays an important role in the national economic development, export income generation and employment in Zhejiang Province. Since the world financial crisis has had a serious impact on the textile exports in Zhejiang Province, many problems and drawbacks of textile exports in Zhejiang Province have once again emerged in the Sino-US trade war and the Covid-19 epidemic, and the export trade is facing unprecedented challenges.

The current situation of textile exports in Zhejiang Province is mainly manifested as follows: the total export volume has always maintained a steady growth trend, but the growth of textile exports has declined in recent years, and its proportion in the province’ exports has declined year by year; General trade is the main way of textile export trade in Zhejiang Province, and its proportion is rising, while the proportion of processing trade is decreasing year by year. Private small and medium-sized enterprises are the main market players in Zhejiang’s textile industry. From the perspective of export targets, the United States, Japan and Europe are the major export markets of textiles in Zhejiang Province; The competition from developing countries such as India and Vietnam and developed countries such as United States and Germany is becoming increasingly fierce; Sino-US trade war and Covid-19 epidemic have impacted textile exports in turn. In the process of studying the present situation of textile export, through the comparative analysis of relevant data, the following problems are found in the textile exports of Zhejiang Province: the industrial structure and the mode of export growth are unreasonable; The export dependence is high and the export market is too concentrated; Small and medium-sized enterprises have weak competitiveness and anti-risk capability; The technical content and added value of products are low; The low-cost advantage of textile industry gradually disappears; Industry-related resource elements are in short supply.

In order to promote the sustainable and healthy development of textile export trade in Zhejiang Province, textile industry can take the following development countermeasures and suggestions: firstly, adjust and optimize textile products and industrial structure; Secondly, in view of the problems of high export dependence and excessive concentration of markets, textile industry should expand domestic demand and broaden foreign emerging markets; In view of the disadvantages caused by the small scale of small and medium-sized enterprises, textile industry should speed up the development of enterprises to collectivization and give play to the effect of industrial clusters; In view of the disadvantages of low content and added value of products, textile industry should increase investment in innovation and personnel training; In view of the rising cost of production factors such as labor ,raw materials and electricity, the government should play a macro-control role to support enterprises; To different forms of trade protectionism, textile industry should improve the textile export strategy and foreign trade early warning mechanism.

Keywords: Zhejiang Province; Textiles; Export status; Countermeasure

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 5

1.1 研究背景 5

1.2 研究目的及意义 2

1.3 研究内容 2

1.4 研究方法 2

1.5 论文框架 2

第二章 文献综述 3

第三章 浙江省纺织品出口的发展现状 5

3.1 纺织品出口稳步增长 5

3.2 贸易方式以一般贸易为主 6

3.3 纺织行业以私营小型企业为主体 7

3.4 出口市场以欧洲、美国、日本为主 9

3.5 纺织品国际市场竞争激烈 10

3.6 新冠疫情严重影响出口 11

第四章 浙江省纺织品出口存在的问题 14

4.1 产业结构和出口增长方式不合理 14

4.2 纺织品出口依存度偏高 15

4.3 中小企业竞争力和抗风险能力弱 17

4.4 产品技术含量和附加值低 18

4.5 纺织业低成本优势逐渐减弱 19

4.6 纺织行业相关资源要素紧缺 20

4.7 中美贸易战等贸易保护主义越演越烈 21

第五章 促进浙江省纺织品出口发展的对策建议 23

5.1 调整优化纺织产品、产业结构 23

5.2 内销外销双管齐下 23

5.3 促使企业向规模化、集团化方向发展 24

5.4 加大自我创新和人才培养的投入 24

5.5 政企协作创造更好的生存环境 24

5.6 完善纺织品出口策略和对外贸易预警机制 25

5.7 应对贸易战的策略 25

5.7.1 从各个环节控制成本 25

5.7.2 寻求自身优势 26

5.7.3 严格把控质量 26

结 论 27

致 谢 28

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