摘 要

随着全球经济发展，外商对中投资以及中国对外投资都得到不同程度发展，我国制造业对外投资发展迅速。根据中国统计年鉴（2005-2016）按行业对外直接投资净额逐年变化来看，与其他行业相比较我国制造业对外直接投资占对外总投资比重较小、增长幅度平缓，投资范围多集中于亚洲、拉丁美洲，对北美、欧洲投资占比少。本文主要依据对外直接投资理论，借鉴其他国家对外直接投资经验，根据我国制造业区位选择的现状分析我国制造业对外投资存在的问题，认为我国制造业对外直接投资在区位选择上存在分布集中、定位不准确，区位选择不准确、核心技术掌握欠缺，在东道国技术渗透不深入等问题。针对存在的问题并结合华为对外投资的案例了解影响区位选择因素，为进行准确的区位选择对我国制造业对外直接投资的调整提出下列建议：在企业发展各阶段明确企业战略，利用东道国区位优势，进行正确区位选择；加大技术研发投入，掌握核心技术，在东道国进行技术渗透等。

关键词：制造业；对外直接投资；区位选择；区位优势

Abstract

With the global economic development, foreign investment in China and foreign investment have been varying degrees of development, China's foreign direct investment in recent years has become the focus of foreign investment in various industries. Internet, finance and other industries increased the number of foreign direct investment activities, investment has also been expanding. However, according to the China Statistical Yearbook (2005-2016), the proportion of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China's foreign direct investment (FDI) is smaller than that of other industries, and the growth rate is relatively flat. Asia, Latin America, North America, Europe accounted for less investment. In recent years, in order to promote the development of foreign direct investment in manufacturing, the government has introduced a series of incentive policies to provide new opportunities for the development of foreign direct investment in manufacturing industry. The scope of investment has also been widened. Central Asia, Europe and other regions have become new investment targets, The proportion of foreign investment in manufacturing has also increased, the proportion of investment in various regions has changed. Based on the theory of foreign direct investment and the experience of foreign direct investment in other countries, this paper analyzes the existing problems of China's manufacturing industry's external investment according to the current situation of manufacturing location choice in China, and analyzes the factors influencing the location selection in combination with Huawei's foreign investment. The location of the proposed selection. Based on the study, it is found that there are problems such as concentration, location inaccurate location, inaccurate location selection, lack of core technology, and deep penetration of technology in the host country. In view of the existing problems, this paper puts forward the following suggestions on the adjustment of China's manufacturing FDI: the enterprise strategy at all stages of the development of enterprises, the use of the advantages of the host country, the right location choice; increase R amp; D investment, master the core technology, Technical penetration and so on.

Key Words：Manufacturing;Foreign Direct Investment;Location selection;Location Advantage

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第1章绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2研究方法及思路 1

1.3国内外研究动态 1

第2章对外直接投资和区位选择动机理论 2

2.1 对外投资理论概述 2

2.2 区位选择的动机 2

2.2.1市场寻求型 3

2.2.2技术寻求型 3

2.2.3资源导向型 3

2.2.4战略经营型 3

第3章其他国家制造业对外直接投资区位选择现状 3

3.1发达国家—以美国、日本为例 4

3.1.1美国制造业对外直接投资区位状况 4

3.1.2日本制造业对外直接投资区位状况 4

3.2发展中国家—以韩国制造业对外直接投资区位选择为例 5

第4章我国制造业对外直接投资现状及选址分布 6

4.1我国制造业对外投资现状 6

4.2我国制造业对外投资选址状况 8

第5章案例分析——华为对外投资区位选择 9

5.1华为对外直接投资概况 10

5.2区位因素与华为对区位优势的利用 11

5.2.1经济方面 11

5.2.2政治方面 12

5.2.3文化方面 13

5.2.4公共设施 13

5.2.5其他方面 13

第6章问题与建议 14

6.1 问题 14

6.2 相关的政策建议 15

参考文献 16

致谢 17

第1章 绪论

1.1研究背景

自改革开放以来，我国在全球经济发展的潮流中逐步站稳脚步，我国制造业也在迅速成长，由制造业弱国转变成制造大国。二十世纪末期以来，我国迅速成长起一批实力较强的制造企业，这些企业具有雄厚的资本。尽管跨国投资起步较晚，但发展势头迅速，它们往往具有全球性的战略眼光，在世界范围内参与国际分工，力求发挥处于不同价值链环节的东道国区位优势，并提升自身的市场竞争能力。但是，随着中国人口红利的逐渐消失、劳动力成本的迅速上升、原材料价格的不断上涨，中国制造业发展遇到瓶颈，为此政府提出中国资本要积极的走出去，服务全球，提高我国在全球制造业产业链中的地位，所以根据驱动因素不同，企业进行区位选择出现不同。