摘 要

Abstract 5

1 引言 6

1.1 背景与意义 6

1.2 相关研究综述 7

1.3 本文框架 8

1.4 主要创新点 8

2 我国中小银行的现状及地理分布特征 9

2.1 中小银行的界定及现状 9

2.2 我国各地区中小银行网点分布现状 10

3我国中小银行地理分布特征的成因及不利影响 12

3.1 我国中小银行地理分布特征的成因 12

3.1.1城市经济总量 12

3.1.2 城市政治地位 12

3.1.3 城市就业人口 12

3.1.4 城市经济外向性 12

3.1.5 城市金融业 12

3.1.6城市通讯条件 13

3.2目前中小银行网点分布的不利影响 13

3.3 目前中小银行网点扩张面临的困难 13

3.3.1 国有银行始终占据垄断地位 13

3.3.2股份制商业银行内部竞争激烈 13

3.3.3外资银行的冲击 14

3.3.4 网点按行政区规划设置，脱离客户需求 14

4 欧美中小银行的地理分布及对中国的借鉴 14

4.1 欧美中小银行地理分布特征 14

4.2 欧美中小银行的空间布局对中国的借鉴 16

4.2.1扶持中小银行在西部地区的发展 16

4.2.2扶持中小银行在城郊，乡村地区的发展 17

5 结论及政策建议（关于我国中小银行合理化布局的思考） 17

5.1 本文结论 17

5.2对于我国中小银行布局优化的建议 18

参考文献 19

致谢 20

摘要

中小银行是我国金融体系的重要组成部分，在促进金融市场竞争，推动地方经济建设，尤其是推进中小企业发展等方面都起到了积极的作用。同时，随着我国的经济发展，中小银行生存空间日益狭小，自身存在的问题也逐步暴露，阻碍了中小银行的进一步发展，对我国的金融体系的稳定和健康发展产生不利影响。因此，本文从金融地理学角度出发，为切实有效解决中小银行发展中存在的问题提出解决对策。

近年新兴的金融地理学理论把地理位置、距离与空间等地理因素引入对金融的研究中，同时考虑了由于地理因素的差异而产生的社会人文因素对金融集聚的影响。本文就是从金融地理学的角度分析我国中小银行的地理分布特征，并为优化中小银行地理分布提出建议。

本文首先回顾了国内外学者关于中小银行地理分布特征的相关研究，并通过银行网点数量等相关数据的出分布特征。接着，从政治，经济，社会，历史等角度分析这一分布特征的成因以及对经济产生的不利影响。还参考了欧美一些发达国家的中小银行分布特征，虽然不同国家对于中小银行的定义不同，但这些欧美国家内部中小银行的分布和发展方向都有许多相似之处，如大部分都分布在中小城市，乡镇地区，欧美国家中小银行发展历史更加悠久，因此对我国的中小银行发展具有重要参考作用。

最后，针对全文的对我国中小银行分布特征的研究，提出优化分布的建议，即扶持中小银行在西部地区的发展，大力推动中小银行在中小城市，乡镇地区增加网点。

关键词：中小银行；金融地理学；分布特征；网点数量

Abstract

Small and medium-sized banks is an important part of our country's financial system, which plays an important role in promoting financial market competition, local economic development and small and medium-sized enterprises. At the same time, since our country's financial market gradually opened to the whole world, many foreign banks has enter China, the market competition for small and medium-sized banks in our country is more fierce, many existing problems of which are gradually exposed, hindered the further development of small and medium-sized banks. In order to develop our country's financial system steady and sound, practical and effective ways need to be put forward to solve the existing problems in the development of small and medium-sized Banks.

In recent years, financial theory of geography draws geography, distance and space geographical factors into the financial study; At the same time, the impact of different social and cultural factors has also been taken into consideration. In this article, the analysis is from the aspect of financial geography distribution features of small and medium-sized banks in our country, and suggestions are put forward to optimize the benefits of distribution and small and medium-sized banks.

Firstly, the related research of domestic and foreign scholars about the small and medium-sized banks distribution characteristics, and through the relevant data, we can find out the number of the bank branch distribution characteristics. Then, from diffferent aspects, the cause of the distribution characteristics and the adverse impact of small and medium-sized banks on the economy are discussed. And distribution characteristics of small and medium-sized banks in developed countries are referred, although the definition of small and medium-sized banks in different countries is different, distribution and development directions of small and medium-sized banks in European and American countries have many similarities.

Finally, according to the distribution characteristics of small and medium-sized banks in China, suggestions for the optimization of distribution are put forward, which supported the development of small and medium-sized banks in western, vigorously promote the small and medium-sized banks in small and increase network in medium-sized cities, and towns.