论文总字数：17201字

摘 要

在网络日益发展的今天，网民数量直线上升，网络设备的种类也越来越多，手机电脑等逐渐成为了人们日常生活中不可分割的一部分。这些设备当接入网络时会被自动分配一个IP地址，而我们现在使用的IP地址是IPv4地址，理论上最多可有255^4也就是42亿左右的地址，已经远远不够现在的网民的需求，所以需要新的IP地址协议来扩展地址可用的范围，也就是IPv6。

OSPFv2是目前IPv4使用的主流的路由协议，而当升级到IPv6时，显然OSPFv2已经不适用于IPv4，为此我们对其进行升级为OSPFv3协议。

本文课题为OSPF对于下一代IP地址中LSA中的改变，也就是研究OSPFv3相较于v2做出的哪些改变，OSPFv3相比v2有哪些创新之处，而在当今社会IPv4和IPv6共存的情况下，解决新的网络问题。本课题将以浩鲸科技有限公司为例，该公司有众多海外业务，因此总公司和分公司之间必须保持通信，而对于总公司内部随着业务增加，需要进行升级到IPv6，总公司与分公司之间保持原有的IPv4即可，其中涉及到OSPFv3，HSRPv2以及隧道技术等。在目前绝大部分公司网都使用三层架构的情况下，为符合主流的设计，我也采取三层架构，并设计出IPv6的网络部署，OSPFv3进行区域规划，HSRPv2进行热备份，最后使用模拟器进行验证。

关键词：IPv6；IPv4；HSRPv2；OSPFv3；隧道

Study on improvement of LSA by OSPF in next generation IP address

Abstract

Today, with the development of the Internet, the number of Internet users is on the rise and the types of network devices are increasing. Mobile phones and computers have gradually become an integral part of People"s Daily life.These devices when access to the network will automatically be assigned an IP address, and we are now use the IP address of the IPv4 addresses, theoretically can have up to 255 ^ 4 address is around 4.2 billion, has not enough demand for Internet users now, so I need a new IP address agreement to extend the range of available, namely IPv6.

OSPFv2 is the current IPv4 use of the mainstream routing protocol, and when upgraded to IPv6, obviously OSPFv2 is no longer applicable to IPv4, so we upgrade it to OSPFv3 protocol.

The subject of this paper is the change of LSA in the next generation IP address of OSPF, that is, to study the changes made by OSPFv3 compared with v2, and the innovation of OSPFv3 compared with v2, and to solve the new network problems under the coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 in today"s society.HAO JING KE JI as an example, the company has many business overseas, so must keep communication between head office and branch, for the corporation internal with the increase of business, need to upgrade to the IPv6, head office and branch can be maintained between the existing IPv4, which involves OSPFv3, HSRPv2 and tunnel technology, etc.In the case that most corporate networks use three-tier architecture at present, in order to conform to the mainstream design, I also adopt three-tier architecture, and design IPv6 network deployment, OSPFv3 for regional planning, HSRPv2 for hot backup, and finally use the simulator for verification.

Key words: IPv6;IPv4;HSRPv2;OSPFv3;The tunnel;

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1课题背景 1

1.1.1 IPv4互联网协议 1

1.1.2 IPv4协议现状 1

1.1.3 IPv6协议背景 1

1.1.4 OSPFv3背景 2

1.2课题研究目的 2

1.3论文框架结构 2

第二章 仿真平台介绍 3

2.1 EVE-NG 3

2.2 EVE-NG安装过程 3

2.2 EVE-NG使用 4

第三章 课题研究 6

3.1 IPv6地址协议的概述 6

3.1.1 IPv6地址 6

3.1.2 ICMPv6和邻居发现协议 7

3.1.3 IPv6下的三层网络结构 7

3.2 OSPFv3概述 8

3.2.1 OSPFv3介绍 8

3.2.2 OSPFv3 LSA类型 8

3.2.3 NBMA网络中OSPFv3 8

3.2.4快速收敛：LSA和SPF节流 9

3.2.5负载均衡 9

3.2.6 OSPFv3虚链路 9

3.3 OSPFv2和OSPFv3的LSA概述 9

3.3.1 LSA介绍 10

3.3.2 OSPFv2 LSA简述 10

3.3.3 OSPFv3 LSA简述 13

3.3.4 OSPFv3和OSPFv2比较 14

第四章 OSPFv3对于LSA的改进 15

4.1 OSPFv3的新LSA 15

4.2新LSA的作用 15

第五章 仿真网络构建 16

5.1浩鲸科技网络拓扑介绍 16

5.2 网络规划仿真测试 16

第六章 配置及现象 19

6.1网络设备配置 19

6.2网络成果验收 23

6.3结论………………………………………………………………………………………………29

结束语 30

致 谢 31

参考文献 32

第一章 绪论

1.1课题背景

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