论文总字数：18732字

摘 要

电动车防误启动系统首先是在电动车轮杆的受力杆部位安置测力传感器，通过传感器测力之后将模拟信号发送到外部HX711AD芯片上再经过信号处理和模数转换后再发送到微处理器上，然后通过微处理器来实现控制部分的功能，传统的防误启动系统的设计通过在电动车左侧握把上反转60度来启动防误系统从而实现防误启动的功能，但是其实现此功能的控制方法较为复杂和繁琐，不能满足方便快捷且适用于普遍大众的要求。

本设计以电阻应变片传感器作为测量平台，以STM32单片机作为控制平台，传感器外部AD模块选用HX711，利用电机的转动和停转代表车的启动和停止，车在停止状态下通过外置按钮控制防误系统启动，当检测不到力时，转动握把也无法行驶，当检测到力时车才可以正常启动，同时关闭防误系统，在行驶过程中，无论检测到的压力多大都不启动防误启动系统防止在颠簸路段当系统未检测到压力时将车的电机停转这样一来也会引发事故，当车停下时则正常运行系统，如此一来实现了对力的测量，采集，信号处理及控制功能的实现。

关键词：电动车 电阻应变片传感器 STM32单片机 防误启动系统

Design and implementation of anti-misstart system for electric vehicles

Abstract

The anti-mis-start system for electric vehicles first places a load cell on the load-bearing part of the electric wheel bar. After the force is measured by the sensor, the analog signal is sent to the external HX711AD chip, after signal processing and analog-to-digital conversion, it is sent to the micro processing On the device, and then use the microprocessor to realize the function of the control part. The design of the traditional anti-misoperation system starts the anti-misoperation system by inverting 60 degrees on the left grip of the electric vehicle to achieve the anti-misoperation function, but The control method for realizing this function is relatively complicated and cumbersome, which cannot meet the requirements of being convenient and quick and suitable for the general public.

This design uses a resistance strain gauge sensor as the measurement part and a microprocessor as the control part, a resistance strain gauge sensor as the measurement platform, and an STM32 single-chip microcomputer as the control platform. The microprocessor uses STM32F103ZET6, the sensor external AD module selects HX711, and uses the motor The rotation and stall of the car represent the start and stop of the car. When the car is stopped, the external button controls the anti-error system to start. When the force is not detected, the grip cannot be driven. The car can be normal when the force is detected. Start and turn off the error prevention system at the same time. During the driving process, no matter how much pressure is detected, the error prevention system is not activated to prevent the car's motor from stalling when the system does not detect pressure on bumpy roads. This will also cause accidents. When the car stops, the system runs normally, so that the force measurement, acquisition, signal processing and control functions are realized.

Keywords: Electric vehicle resistance strain gauge sensor STM32 singlechip anti-misoperation system

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 3

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 3

1.2国内外研究现状 3

1.3论文设计内容 4

第二章电动车防误启动系统设计的原理 3

2.1 应变片传感器 3

2.2 电阻应变片传感器的原理和内容 6

2.3 防误启动系统的设计思路 7

2.4 电阻应变片传感器的输出灵敏度 7

2.5 电阻应变片传感器的安放位置 10

2.6本章小结 11

第三章 系统硬件部分的设计 12

3.1 系统整体方案设计 12

3.2 硬件原理图部分 12

3.2.1 传感器外部 HX711 AD芯片 12

3.2.2电机电路 13

3.2.3 STM32主芯片 15

3.2.4 系统的供电电路 15

3.2.5 系统辅助电路部分 16

3.3本章小结 17

第四章系统软件部分的设计 18

4.1 系统整体流程介绍 18

4.2 主要功能部分程序 19

4.2.1 HX711AD采集与模数转换 19

4.2.2 电机驱动程序 20

4.2.3 系统延时程序 20

4.2.4 外置按钮 21

4.3 本章小结 21

第五章 归纳总结 22

5.1 对该系统设计部分的总结与分析 22

5.2 对该系统未来发展方向的展望 23

5.3 结语 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 26

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