基于MSP430的无线通讯节点软件设计毕业论文
2022-06-01 21:57:42
论文总字数:30919字
摘 要
目前,随着现代社会高科技的快速发展,人们对信息获取的速度、准确性与安全性的要求已经不是普通传感器技术可以满足的了,生活中越来越多的智能化家居受到人们的偏爱,智能化的无线传感器网络也随之会越来越频繁的应用于各种领域。无线通讯网络是一种由很多个传感器节点组合而成的特殊无线自组网,它是根据传感器、嵌入式计算、网络、无线通信及分布式信息处理等先进技术的特点而兴起的新技术。无线传感网络的主要功能是负责采集和处理感知区域内的数据信息,并将采集到的信息经过Internet传送到网关节点,从而实现对感知范围内的信息数据的实时监测。
首先,本文简单的概述了无线传感器网络的研究背景以及应用领域,无线传感器网络的典型结构及特点,并提出了本文需要解决的问题。根据现状通过软件设计一个基于MSP430F149无线通讯系统节点,节点的功能为网络中实现节点与节点通信、在必要时实现对数据的跳传功能和完成10通道的电流参数采集和存储等。其中需要注意问题是如何能够保证无线通讯节点对于信息采集和处理的实时性,在任何情况下都能保证信息的传递。具体的功能实现方案为:1)硬件方面采用MSP430F149作为处理器,其中集成A/D转换器主要是把模拟量转换变成数字量更有利于进行检测;再选取芯片Si4432作为节点的收发模块,完成节点的信号数据采集。2)软件方面网络拓扑结构采用一个主节点和8个从节点的中心组网方式;用无线通讯技术来实现信号数据的采集;为实现数据通信的协调性和实时性,采用退避原则和分时收集和、发送的方法。通过软件IAR Embedded Workbench 用C语言完成编程实现预期效果。
关键词: 无线通讯网络 传感器节点 si4432
Abstract
With the magic development of information science and technology, traditional sensor techniques are able to meet people's demand of information. More and more people are paying attention to the intelligent network. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are a special kind of ad hoc networks, which consists of many wireless sensor network nodes. WSN are advanced integration of sensor techniques, nested computation techniques, network techniques, wireless sensor networks can collect real-time network monitoring and distribution of various test objects within the region information, and information processing, and the information sent to the gateway node, in order to achieve the specified range of complex target detection and tracking.
The paper begins with a very brief introduction to the development history of wireless sensor network and its relative applications. Meanwhile, the typical structures and fetures of wireless sensor network are introduced and the questions that need solving in the paper are put forward as well. Considering the current situation, the joint of the wireless communications system is designed based on MSP430F149 IPM. The joint’s functions are mainly in three aspects: one is to individually communicate with the coordinator in the network; one is to achieve the function of jump beteween data if necessary; another is to collect and save the current parameters in ten chanels. Among all of these, the important issue is how to ensure the realtime performance of the wireless communications joint to collect and process data. That means no matter what situation it is, the data transmission can be ensured. To achieve this purpose, the specific program is as follows. 1) As for the hardware, MSP430F149 is selected as processor; integrated A/D convertor transforms from analog signal to digital signal; and Si4432 is chosen as transceiver module of the joint to collect data. 2) With regard to the software, the typological structure is composed of one center joint and eight sub-joints; wirless transmission technology is applied in data communications; moreover, the method of timing collecting and sending is employed to ensure the coordination and real time of communications. Above all, the program is done with C Language using IAR Embedded Workbench to achieve all these desired effects.
Key Words: Wireless communication networks;Sensor joint;Si4432
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2 国内外研究现状和应用领域 2
1.2.1研究现状 2
1.2.2应用领域 3
1.3 无线通讯网络典型的结构与特点 4
1.3.1无线通讯网络典型结构 4
1.3.2无线通讯网络特点 6
1.4 无线传感器网络需要解决的关键问题 7
1.4.1无线通讯网络拓扑问题 8
1.4.2 无线射频技术问题 9
1.4.3实时性问题 9
1.5论文的组织结构 9
第二章 无线通讯节点的网络结构设计 11
2.1无线通讯节点的总体结构设计 11
2.1.1无线通讯节点的结构设计 11
2.1.2无线通讯节点流程 12
2.1.3节点与配置器响应帧格式 12
2.2本文采用的具体网络结构 16
2.3本章小结 16
第三章 无线通讯节点的软件总体框架设计 18
3.1无线通讯节点软件的软件总体框架框图设计 18
3.2无线通讯节点的软件流程图设计 18
3.2.1无线通讯节点主流程图设计 18
3.2.2无线通讯节点的无线收发流程图 19
3.2.3无线通讯节点完成十通道数据采集的流程图 20
3.3 无线通讯节点的物理层协议设计 21
3.1.1主要协议介绍 22
3.2.2 物理层协议方案选择 22
3.4 无线通讯节点自组织协议设计 24
3.5本章小结 26
第四章 无线通讯节点的软件具体设计与功能实现 27
4.1无线通讯节点的硬件选型 27
4.1.1数据处理模块 27
4.1.2射频通讯模块 27
4.1.3电源管理模块 27
4.2无线通讯节点的模块设计 27
4.2.1 A/D模块及其子程序设计 28
4.2.2处理器模块及其程序设计 28
4.2.3 Si4432收发模块 29
4.3 无线通讯节点的功能实现 31
4.3.1 Si4432的配置和初始化 31
4.3.2基站软件 31
4.3.3传感器节点软件 31
4.4 测试结果分析 33
4.5本章小结 34
结语 35
参考文献 36
致谢 38
附录 39
绪论
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