摘 要

胎压监测系统作为一种主动安全技术，实时监测汽车的胎压。当汽车胎压不在设定的标准范围内则胎压监测系统进行报警，提醒驾驶者及时检查胎压。故胎压监测系统的出现极大的减少了交通事故的发生，有效的保证了驾驶者按人身安全。胎压监测系统分为直接式和间接式两大类，直接式胎压监测系统以其精确性和可操作性在目前的市场上比间接式占有优势，技术也更成熟，故本文选择直接式胎压监测系统作为设计对象。

在本文中，笔者做了以下工作：

1. 介绍了胎压监测系统的研究目的与意义和国内外研究现状，同时我也介绍了胎压监测系统的种类和轮胎的基本知识。
2. 介绍了胎压监测系统的通信方面的知识和安装方式，包括信息的格式、信息的调制方式、信息的编码方式。
3. 对于发射系统的组成元件进行介绍，包括传感器、单片机、发射芯片。同时我也设计了发射系统的电路，该电路主要包括以下几个部分：天线模块、电源模块、晶振模块和电压转换模块（将车载12V电源转换为5V）。
4. 对接收系统的组成元件进行了介绍，并设计了接收系统的电路图。接收系统的电路图分为以下几个模块：天线模块、复位模块、微处理器模块、接收芯片模块。
5. 设计了发射系统与接收系统的控制流程图，其中发射系统有两个控制流程图，接收系统有四个控制流程图，并给出了发射系统和接收系统软件代码。

通过对胎压监测系统进行硬件和软件设计，人们可以发现系统的组成元件型号不同，则系统相应电路图、控制流程图和软件代码截然不同。选择集成度高的元件可以减少元件的数目，进而可以简化电路图、控制流程图和软件代码。此外，人们也可以发现随着智能手机的发展，胎压监测系统与智能手机的关系日益密切，胎压监测系统日益走向智能化，4G甚至5G技术也有望应用于胎压监测系统。

关键词：胎压监测系统，直接式，硬件设计，软件设计

Abstract

As an active technology,the tire pressure system monitors the pressure of the vehicle nearly every time.When the tire pressure is not in the setting field,the tire pressure system warns the driver to check the tire pressure in time.So the tire pressure system greatly reduces the transport accidents,and protects the safety of the driver greatly.The tire pressure system has two kinds,namely the direct and the indirect,the direct tire pressure system is more popular in the current markets for its more accurate detection and more friendly operation and more mature technology,so the essay choose the direct tire pressure system as the designing objective.

In this essay,the author have done the following work:

1. Introduce the motivation ,the meaning and the interior and foreign research situation of the tire pressure system ,meanwhile I introduce the type of the tire pressure system and fundamental knowledge about the tire.
2. Introduce the communication and the installation of the tire pressure system,including the format,the modulation and the coding of information.
3. Introduce the components of the transmission system,including the tire pressure sensor,the transmission chip,the micro-controller.Meanwhile I design the circuit diagram of the transmission system,which mainly consists of the following parts:the antenna part,the power part,the crystal oscillator part and the voltage transformation part,which can transform the power of 12 voltage to the power of 5 voltage.
4. Introduce the components of the receiving system and design the circuit diagram of the receiving system,which consists of the antenna part,the resetting part,the micro-controller part and the receiving chip part.
5. Design the controlling flow charts of the transmission system and the receiving system,and the transmission system has two flow charts while the receiving system has four flow charts.meanwhile i design the code of the transmission and receiving system.

From the hardware and the software design of the transmission and the receiving system,we can conclude that with the differences of the types of the components,the circuit diagrams,the

flow charts and the code will be absolutely different. Moreover,with the development of the intelligent mobile phone,the tire pressure monitoring system is more related with the intelligent phone,the tire pressure system is more intelligent and the 4G even the 5G technology will be possible applied in the tire pressure system.

Key Words:TPMS; direct; the hardware design;the software design

目 录

第1章 绪论...............................................................1

1.1 胎压监测系统的研究背景与意义........................................1

1.2 胎压监测系统的国内外研究现状........................................1

1.3 胎压监测系统的分类..................................................2

1.4 轮胎的介绍..........................................................2

第2章 无线通信与安装.....................................................5

2.1 通信方式的简介......................................................5

2.2 射频调制方式........................................................6

2.3 信源编码方式........................................................7

2.4 胎压传感器的安装....................................................8

2.5 本章小结............................................................9

第3章 发射系统的硬件设计.................................................10

3.1 传感器的简介........................................................10

3.2 微处理器的简介......................................................10

3.3 发射芯片的简介......................................................11

3.4 电池的简介..........................................................11

3.5 电路的设计..........................................................11

3.6 本章小结............................................................14

第4章 接收系统的硬件设计.................................................15

4.1 接收芯片的简介......................................................15

4.2 微处理器的简介......................................................15

4.3 显示器的简介........................................................16

4.4 天线的简介..........................................................17

4.5 电压转换芯片的简介..................................................17

4.6 电路的设计..........................................................18

4.7 本章小结............................................................21

第5章 发射系统的软件设计.................................................22

5.1 软件简介............................................................22

5.2 控制流程图..........................................................22