汽车驾驶室虚拟设计及优化毕业论文
2021-03-23 22:52:02
摘 要
本文主要是基于某车型的驾驶室进行虚拟设计和优化,在这个过程中以虚拟设计理论为依据,以缩短汽车驾驶室设计周期和减少驾驶员驾驶疲劳为主要目的,设计出符合人机工程学的汽车驾驶。主要利用到CATIA V5 R21软件进行驾驶室虚拟模型的建模,建模的过程中,通过对驾驶员坐姿的研究,进行驾驶室总体布置的设计。虚拟模型搭建成功之后,建立以人体姿态分析的优化体系,通过几种改进方案对比,选择出最优的驾驶室布置。主要进行的工作如下所示:
- 研究相关的虚拟设计理论,针对所选择的车型对驾驶室虚拟设计有初步的构思,完成设计及优化的流程。
- 以相关行业及国家标准,利用CATIA中创成式外形设计平台对驾驶室各部件进行虚拟建模,主要包括仪表板,座椅,转向盘,换挡杆和手刹等。
- 利用虚拟人体模型,建立以标准坐姿为参考依据的打分体系,并利用该体系对完成后的虚拟驾驶室进行优化,主要通过改变座椅的行程和高度,踏板与转向盘的位置来设置不同的布置方案,最终找出最优的方案,即为优化完成。
- 对优化后的驾驶室进行驾驶员视野以及手伸及界面进行检验,确保驾驶室虚拟设计及优化达到多数驾驶员正常驾驶的目的。
通过以上的虚拟设计方案,可以有效地缩短汽车驾驶室的设计周期,降低材料的消耗,对设计成本也能进行较好的控制,并且在设计过程中对人机工程学的利用,能够大大降低驾驶员的驾驶疲劳,从而保证汽车的行车安全性。
关键词:虚拟设计 汽车驾驶室 人机工程 人体模型 CATIA
Abstract
This paper is based on the virtual design and optimization of the cab of a certain model. Based on the virtual design theory, this paper aims to shorten the car cab design cycle and reduce the driver's driving fatigue as the main purpose, and design ergonomics car cab.We use CATIA V5 R21 software to design the cab virtual model .And we design the overall layout of the cab design through the study of the driver's sitting.After the virtual model is built, the optimization system of human posture analysis is established, and the optimal cab layout is selected by several improved schemes.The main work is as follows:
(1)By studying the relevant virtual design theory,we have a preliminary idea to finish the virtual design of the cab which is based on the selected models. Then complete the design and optimization process.
(2)Referencing the related requirements of GB, virtual modeling of the various parts of the cab which includes instrument panel, seat, steering wheel, shift lever and hand brake is designed by CATIA's profiling design platform.
(3)We establish a scoring system based on the standard sitting position by using the virtual human model.We can use the system to optimize the virtual cab which has been completed by changing the seat travel and height, pedal and steering wheel position. And ultimately finding the best program which is optimized to complete.
(4)The driver's field of vision and the hand-extension and interface of the optimized cab are checked ,which ensure that the cab is designed and optimized for the purpose of driving by the majority of the drivers.
Through the above virtual design, the car cab design cycle can be effectively shorten material consumption can be reduce and the design cost can also be better control.The ergonomic used in the design process can greatly reduce the driver's driving fatigue, so as to ensure the safety of driving car.
Keywords: virtual design; car cab;ergonomics;human body model;CATIA
目录
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2研究的目的及意义 4
1.3国内外研究现状及发展前景分析 5
1.3.1国内外研究现状分析 5
1.3.2发展前景分析 6
1.4 研究内容 7
1.5本章小结 7
第2章 汽车驾驶室虚拟设计理论 8
2.1 人体百分位及CATIA人体模型介绍 8
2.2 H点装置以及H点位置线 9
2.3 眼椭圆理论 12
2.4头廓包络 13
2.5驾驶员手伸及界面 15
2.6 驾驶室虚拟设计流程及优化过程 16
2.7本章小结 16
第3章 驾驶室虚拟三维模型的建立 18
3.1人体舒适性坐姿摆放及设计草图 18
3.2 踏板角度的布置 20
3.3座椅的布置及设计 21
3.3.1座椅的分类及基本结构 21
3.3.2座椅设计的基本要求 22
3.3.3座椅的尺寸参数 22
3.3.4座椅具体尺寸的选择及造型设计 23
3.4 转向盘的布置及设计 27
3.5 仪表板布置及设计 31
3.6仪表板操纵件的布置 34
3.6.1仪表板的分区 36
3.6.2副仪表板的布置及设计 34
3.7 驾驶室其他部件的布置与设计 38
3.7.1 A柱的布置 38
3.7.2顶盖及其他部件的布置 38
3.8本章小结 40
第4章 虚拟驾驶室的优化 41
4.1 优化过程分析 41
4.2 本章小结 48
第5章 结论及展望 49
5.1 论文总结 49
5.2 工作展望 49
参考文献 50
致谢................................. ................................... ........................................................................52
第1章 绪论