摘 要

随着我国汽车行业的迅猛发展，车辆已经成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，在对人们生活提供者诸多便利的同时，其背后所反映出来的问题不可忽视。保障道路交通安全是构建社会主义和谐社会重要的一环，而驾驶员正是造成交通事故的主要原因，那么对驾驶员驾驶行为的研究就十分有必要了。因此，本文做了如下研究：

1）介绍了国内外对车主驾驶行为研究的现状，解释了几种不同的非正常驾驶行为，表明对车辆驾驶状态的研究可以成为我们研究的一个侧重点，在目前研究条件的限制下，对车主驾驶行为的研究可以基本等价为对车辆每一时刻行驶状态的研究，将问题的研究重点放在了对车辆状态的识别上。介绍了本次实验将要用到的部分数据采集仪器和采集方法，对下文的数据判断方案确定提供了数据上的指引。

2）基于车联网基本框架，建立了车主驾驶行为研究系统，并以云系统为基础，建立了本次研究的主要系统“驾驶行为云检测系统”，对超速、疲劳驾驶、急加速、急减速、急刹车、急转弯6种行为提供了判断的依据和算法，并基于MATLAB对其中的四急行为进行程序编写，完善了“驾驶行为云检测系统”的部分内容，并对编写好的程序由模拟的数据进行验证，由输出的结果同绘制的图像相比较，明确某一非正常驾驶行为发生的时刻，正确的得到了该驾驶员在这一段时间内的驾驶行为，从侧面也验证了程序的基本正确性

3）在由“驾驶行为云检测系统”得出结果的基础上，将系统可能识别的驾驶行为和获取的数据分为5大影响因素，并以日常生活经验对5大因素分配了相应的权重，制订了评分的标准细则，以一天中驾驶员最终的驾驶得分来评价该驾驶员驾驶行为的好坏，对不正常的驾驶员提出了相应的修正方案。

本次研究总体来说没有达到自己的预期，仅针对四急行为进行了程序的编写，对疲劳驾驶和超速行为的判断没有实现程序计算。后续的驾驶行为评分也没有经过实际例子的检验，希望以后能够完善其余两种驾驶行为的程序编写，也希望能够识别更多的危险驾驶行为。

关键词：车主驾驶行为；GPS全球定位系统；车联网；驾驶行为判断与评分

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the vehicle has become an integral part of people's daily life, in the life of people a lot of convenience providers at the same time, its behind reflected the problem can not be ignored. To ensure road traffic safety is an important part of the construction of a harmonious socialist society, and the driver is the main cause of traffic accidents, so it is very necessary to study the driver's driving behavior. Therefore, this paper has done the following research:

1) introduced the status quo at home and abroad on the vehicle driving behavior research, explains several different non normal driving behavior, driving that research on the state of the vehicle can be a focus of our research, in the present research conditions, the owners of driving behavior research can be equivalent to the basic research of vehicle every time, will focus on the problems in the identification of the vehicle state. This paper introduces some data acquisition instruments and sampling methods which will be used in this experiment, and provides data guidance for the following data judgment scheme.

2) the basic framework of network based on the car, a car owners driving behavior research system, and cloud based system, the establishment of the main system of the study of simple artificial cloud system, speeding, fatigue driving, rapid acceleration, rapid deceleration, braking, sharp turns 6 kinds of behavior provides a basis and algorithm the judgment, which is based on the MATLAB program of the four emergency behavior preparation, improve the part of artificial simple cloud system, the simulation data of the program on the input by the output with the rendered images compared to a normal occurrence of clear non driving behavior of the moment, and get the correct the driving behavior of the driver in this period of time, from the side also proves the correctness of the program

3) based on the "simple artificial cloud system draws on the results, the system may be driving behavior recognition and the data acquisition is divided into 5 factors, and the daily life experience of 5 factors of the allocation of the corresponding weights, set the standard rules for scores, to evaluate the driver's behavior to a in the final days of driver driving driving quality score, the corresponding amendments to the proposed driver is not normal.

On the whole, the study failed to meet its expectations. The program was written only for four urgent behaviors. The judgment of fatigue driving and speeding behavior was not realized by program. The follow-up driving behavior score has not been tested by actual examples. It is hoped that the two other driving behaviors can be improved in the future, and more dangerous driving behaviors can be identified.

Key words: owner driving behavior; GPS global positioning system; vehicle networking; driving behavior score

目 录

1. 绪论--------------------------------------------------- 1

1.1 研究背景与目的------------------------------------------- 1

1.2 国内外研究现状------------------------------------------ 3

1.2.1 国外研究--------------------------------------------- 3

1.2.2 国内研究--------------------------------------------- 4

1.3 具体研究内容与计划--------------------------------------- 6

1. 车主驾驶行为分析---------------------------------------- 7

2.1 对驾驶行为产生的研究------------------------------------- 7

2.2 危险驾驶等级的划分标准----------------------------------- 8

2.2.1 危险驾驶行为的标准------------------------------------------------------ 8

2.2.2 危险驾驶员的界定--------------------------------------------------------- 8

2.3 本文研究的驾驶行为--------------------------------------- 8

2.4 本章小结------------------------------------------------- 10

1. 基于车联网系统的驾驶行为分析系统总体方案设计------------ 11

3.1 车辆网系统的介绍----------------------------------------- 11

3.1.1 车联网系统的组成-------------------------------------------------------- 11

3.2 基于车联网系统驾驶行为分析研究的整体方案设计------------- 12

3.3 智能车载终端的介绍--------------------------------------- 13

3.4 数据获取系统的介绍--------------------------------------- 14

3.4.1 GPS的介绍------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

3.4.2 GID数据采集器的介绍---------------------------------------------------- 17

3.4.3 OBD系统的介绍------------------------------------------------------------ 18

3.5 本章小结------------------------------------------------- 20

1. 对几种危险驾驶行为的判断方案---------------------------- 21

4.1 对超速驾驶行为的判断方案--------------------------------- 21