论文总字数：15675字

摘 要

随着各项技术的发展，汽车的性能越来越好，尤其汽车的加速度，然而伴随而来的就是各项安全性问题。汽车的安全性是评价汽车设计和制造的重要指标，而汽车的安全性受汽车制动性影响很大。汽车制动系的执行元件是制动器，现在用得比较多的是制动器类型是盘式制动器，对盘式制动器各零部件进行刚度校核和强度的校核就显得十分重要。盘式制动器的组成部分有制动盘、制动钳、摩擦片及活塞等，它的构造复杂，使用传统的方法计算对强度刚度分析较难，用有限元软件较为简单且精度较高，有利于提高精度，为制动器的优化设计提供更加可靠的支持。主要研究内容为 ：

1. 由于盘式制动器结构复杂，选择逆向建模的方式对其进行建模，先使用激光扫描技术对实物进行数据的收集，再将处理过后的数据导入CATIA软件并进行逆向建模；
2. 利用Hypermesh软件建立盘式制动器制动钳的有限元模型，根据实际受力情况，对其进行载荷的施加，得到制动钳的应力云图及变形图，对应力最大值、应力最大点、最大变形值、最大变形点进行读取。

经过分析结果的读取，发现所选定的材料能够满足实际工况。

关键词：有限元分析 盘式制动器 刚度 强度

Strength and rigidity calculation of key parts of front wheel brake assembly of light bus

Abstract

With the development of various technologies, the performance of the light bus is becoming better, particularly the acceleration of the bus. However, all the safety problems come along with it. The safety of the light bus is an important index to evaluate the design and produce of bus, and the safety of bus is greatly affected by the brake performance. The executive component of brake system is brake, and the type of brake used more is disc brake. It is very significant to check the stiffness and strength of disc brake. Disc brake is usually composed of brake disc, brake caliper, friction plate and piston. Its structure is complex. It is difficult to analyze the stiffness and rigidity by using the traditional calculation method. The finite element software is simple and has high accuracy, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and providing more reliable support for the optimal design of the brake. The main research contents are as follows:

1. Because the structure of disc brake is complex, the reverse modeling method is chosen to model it. Firstly, the laser scanning technology is used to gain data, then the data is processed and imported into CATIA software for reverse modeling;
2. The finite element model of disc brake caliper is established by HyperMesh software. According to the real stress situation, the force and pressure is applied to it, and the stress diagram and deformation diagram of the caliper are obtained. The maximum stress, the maximum stress point, the maximum deformation value and the maximum deformation point are read.

After reading the analysis results, it is found that the selected materials can meet the actual working conditions.

Key words: Finite element analysis；Disc brake；Sttifness；Strength

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外发展历史及研究现状 1

1.2.1国外研究概况 1

1.2.2国内研究概况 2

1.3课题研究方法及内容 3

第二章 盘式制动器的设计及计算 4

2.1盘式制动器综述 4

2.2盘式制动器的设计要求 6

2.3盘式制动器主要零件的结构设计 6

2.3.1制动盘 6

2.3.2制动钳 7

2.3.3制动块 8

2.3.4摩擦材料 9

2.3.5盘式制动器间隙调整 9

2.4基本参数设计 10

2.4制动钳的受力分析 11

2.4.1制动钳的材料选取 11

2.4.2边界条件的设置计算 11

第三章 盘式制动器模型的建立 14

3.1逆向工程概述 14

3.2三维激光扫描技术概述 14

3.3数据采集及预处理 14

3.3.1前期准备 14

3.3.2零件扫描 15

3.3.3点云数据采集及预处理 15

3.4曲面重构 16

3.4.1曲面重构简介 16

3.4.2曲面重构过程 16

3.5 制动器其它零部件建模 21

第四章 盘式制动器的有限元分析 23

4.1有限元方法及Hypermesh软件简介 23

4.2对盘式制动器的CAE分析 23

4.3分析结果总结 29

第五章 论文总结 30

参考文献 31

致谢 34

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