Graduation Design of Wuhan

University of Technology (Thesis)

Design of Double Wishbone Independent Suspension for Passenger Vehicle

College (Department)：School of International Education

Class： Auto gj 1501

Student name： Fuhe Li

Supervisor： Shengnan Sun

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Abstract

With the increasing demand for ride comfort and handling safety of passenger cars, the selection of suspension is more stringent. Because of the particularity of passenger car's function, choosing appropriate front suspension plays an important role in passenger car's design. Independent suspension system has been widely used in modern passenger cars because of its good wheel contact, ride comfort and handling safety, left and right wheels can move freely. Non-independent suspension is widely used in rear axle because of its simple structure, easy manufacture, convenient maintenance and reliable work. Independent suspension, as a key part of improving vehicle handling stability and ride comfort, must be improved better. Therefore, independent suspension has been widely valued and deeply studied.

Double wishbone independent suspension is very common. It is a suspension system with wheels swinging in the lateral plane of the car. It is mostly used in the front wheels of vehicles, such as Guangzhou Honda Accord, FAW Mazda 6, Dongfeng Honda Civic, and the rear suspension of some sport cars and racing cars. Its shock absorber has no lateral load, and the upper end height is low, which is conducive to reducing the height of the car head and improving the body shape. Therefore, this kind of suspension has good handling stability and comfort, and is a relatively advanced suspension. Therefore, the study of double wishbone independent suspension is of great significance to the development of automobile industry.

Based on the parameters of the 2015 Mazda 62.0L automatic classical vehicle, this paper devotes itself to the design of a double wishbone independent front suspension with transverse stabilizing rod, hoping to understand the process and theory of suspension design. The instructions include: (1) design and calculation of guide mechanism; (2) simulation and analysis of guide mechanism by ADAMS; (3) selection of elastic elements and design of geometric dimensions and strength check; (4) study and selection of shock absorber principle and calculation of main size parameters.

Key Words：double wishbone suspension; guide mechanism; shock absorber; spiral

Contents

Chapter 1 The introduction 1

1.1 Purpose and significance 1

1.2 Basic content 1

Chapter 2 Overview of suspension 3

2.1 Suspension type 3

2.2 Suspension design requirements 3

2.3 Features of double wishbone suspension 4

Chapter 3 Determination of main suspension parameters 5

3.1 Calculation of static deflection 5

3.2 Calculation of dynamic deflection 6

3.3 Calculation of suspension stiffness 7

Chapter 4 Independent suspension guide mechanism design 8

4.1 Design requirements of guide mechanism 8

4.2 Arrangement scheme of guide mechanism 8

4.2.1 Determination of roll center 8

4.2.2 Determination of roll axis 9

4.2.3 Determination of upper and lower transverse arm lengths 10

4.2.4 Design and calculation of transverse arms in the transverse plane 11

4.2.5 Design and calculation in longitudinal plane 12

4.2.6 Design and calculation in horizontal plane 14

Chapter 5 Simulation analysis of guiding mechanism based on Adams 16

5.1 Simulation model 16

5.2 Analysis of simulation 18

5.2.1 Wheel camber angle 18

5.2.2 Toe-in Angle 18

5.2.3 Caster angle 19

5.2.4 Kingpin inclination angle 20

5.2.5 Change of wheelbase 21

5.2.6 Simulation analysis and summary 21

Chapter 6 Calculation of elastic part 22

6.1 Stiffness and load of spring 22

6.2 Calculate the number of active coils i of the spring 23

6.3 Calculate the geometric dimension of spring 24

6.3.1 Determine the number of total coils of spring n 24

6.3.2 Determine the free height of the spiral 25

6.4 Strength check 25

Chapter 7 Shock absorber parameters and size selection 27

7.1 Classification of shock absorber 27

7.2 Working principle of Dual-tube Shock absorber 27

7.3 Design and calculation of shock absorber parameters 29

7.3.1 Determination of relative damping coefficient 29

7.3.2 Determination of shock absorber damping coefficient 29

7.3.3 Determination of maximum unloading force of shock absorber 30

7.3.4 Determination of shock absorber working cylinder diameter D 30

Conclusion 33

To thank 34

Reference 35

Chapter 1 The introduction

1.1 Purpose and significance

Automotive suspension is the frame and wheel axle or between all the force of the floorboard of the connecting device, the main purpose of the suspension is the transfer function between the wheel and the body all the force and moment, such as support, braking force and driving force, and mitigate the uneven road surface to the body of the impact load, attenuation caused by vibration, ensure occupant comfort, reduce goods and dynamic load of the vehicle itself.A typical suspension structure of an automobile is composed of elastic components, shock absorber and guiding mechanisms, which play the roles of buffering, vibration reduction and force transmission respectively.The majority of the suspension has a helical spring and shock absorber structure, but different types of suspension guidance mechanism is very different, which is the core component of the suspension performance difference.

With the increasing demand for ride comfort and handling safety of passenger cars, the choice of suspension is more strict. Due to the special function of passenger vehicles, the selection of the appropriate front suspension plays an important role in the design of passenger vehicles. Independent suspension system has been widely used in modern passenger cars due to its advantages such as good wheel contact, ride comfort and handling safety, and free movement of left and right wheels. The non-independent suspension is simple in structure. Easy to make; Easy maintenance; The advantage of reliable work is widely used in the rear axle. As a key part of improving vehicle handling stability and ride comfort, suspension must be better improved.

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