Abstract

With the rapid development of industry and increasingly serious environmental pollution, the optimal use of new energy has become the trend of future development.At the same time, the rapid development of e-commerce industry has also promoted the booming development of logistics industry and logistics vehicle market.However, the traditional logistics vehicles have shortcomings in safety and environmental protection.In this context, pure electric logistics vehicle has been widely concerned for its good comfortability, economy and durability.

The research object of this paper is the pure electric logistics vehicle with the structure of integral drive axle.Mainly through understanding of the existing light electric truck body construction and working principle of the parts, according to the vehicle performance goals, design the main components, including the main electric truck size parameter calculation, calculation of motor and battery pack, frame design, selection of freight car trunk, selection of tires and wheels, chassis layout and calculation of the performance parameters.Then,in order to achieve the most reasonable configuration design, use three-dimensional modeling software to establish three-dimensional model, so as to complete the micro electric truck car body structure design.

Key words: Light-weight; Pure electric; Overall design; Car body structure

Table of Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Characteristics of overall design of light pure electric logistics vehicle 1

1.2 Main research contents of this topic 1

1.3 Research methods and implementation plans 1

2 Selection of truck forms 4

2.1 The choice of axle number of truck 4

2.2 Selection of truck driving modes 4

2.3 Determine the length of truck head 4

2.4 Bridge structure and layout 5

3 Selection of main parameters of freight cars 6

3.1 Determination of main dimensions 6

3.2 Determination of reconditioning quality 9

3.3 Calculation of axle load distribution and transfer 9

3.4 The selection of tire 13

4 Motor parameter calculation 13

4.1 Rated power and peak power of the motor 14

4.2 Design of motor speed and transmission ratio 15

4.3 Maximum torque of the motor 16

4.4 Rated motor voltage 16

5 Calculation of battery parameters 17

5.1 Determine the serial number of single battery 17

5.2 Determine the parallel number of single batteries 17

5.3 Summary calculation of battery pack parameters 19

5.4 Power battery layout 19

6 Suspension design 20

6.1 Selection of static deflection and dynamic deflection of suspension 21

6.2 Parameter selection 22

7 Frame design 23

7.1 Cross beam, longitudinal beam and connection 24

7.2 Frame structure design 24

8 Calculation of dynamic performance 25

8.1 Calculation of driving balance 25

8.2 Calculation of dynamic characteristics 27

8.3 Vehicle passability parameters 29

8.4 Minimum turning diameter of the vehicle 29

8.5 Operating stability parameters 29

8.6 Braking parameters 30

8.7 Ride comfort parameters 30

9 Calculation of not tipping over condition 31

9.1 Inspection of not tipping over longitudinally in full load 31

9.2 Inspection of not tipping over laterally in full load 31

10 Conclusion 31

Reference 34

Acknowledgement 36

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Background of overall design of light pure electric logistics vehicle

In recent years, the increasing scale of e-commerce and online shopping in China drives the rapid growth of modern logistics industry, and thus gradually drives the demand for urban logistics vehicles. At present, most of the city logistics companies use the configuration which combines electric tricycles and traditional diesel trucks. In the process of distribution, electric tricycles generally have the defects of low safety and insufficient cargo space, meanwhile, the high energy consumption of traditional diesel trucks is always a big problem. In order to solve these problems, the electric urban logistics vehicle that has high safety, strong cargo carrying capacity and low energy consumption came into being and attracted attention from all sides which is suitable for commuting within the city.

In the process of research and designing a vehicle, the overall design locates in the highest place, which aims at dealing with two goals: transimitting the social requirements into automobile performance, and devided the performance of whole vehicle into the performance of each assembly. Spercificly, the primary and secondary status of the whole vehicle need to be in conjunction according to the goals of overall design. Because of the overall design, different requirements to the vehicle shall be combined with each other, rasing an advanced and reasonable designing project, to realize the the expected results.

1.2 Research methods and implementation plans

(1) The choice of pure electric logistics vehicle form: the choice of axle number, driving form and arrangement form;

(2) Selection of main parameters of pure electric logistics vehicle: determination of main dimensions of freight cars, determination of quality parameters of freight cars, selection of freight tires, axle load distribution and calculation of centroid position;

(3) Selection of driving motor: selection of rated power, maximum power, maximum torque and corresponding speed of the motor;

(4) Calculation and selection of drive ratio: selection of drive ratio of drive axle main reducer;

(5) Calculation of main vehicle performance parameters: calculation of dynamic performance, balance of driving force and driving resistance, calculation of dynamic characteristics, calculation of maximum gradient, calculation of minimum turning radius, selection of passing parameters;

(6) The condition that the car does not turn over is calculated. The condition that the car does not turn over vertically when it is full load and the condition that the car does not turn over horizontally when it is full load.

1.3 Research Status of Electric Vehicles at Home and Abroad

Although it has been 100 years since the appearance of electric vehicles, the technical level of electric vehicles has been greatly improved in recent years due to the development of power batteries and power electronic technology, as well as the national government's requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction.

The development of pure electric vehicle technology can be divided into two directions. First, some technical development of electric drive, including power battery and electric drive system. The focus is on improving energy density, range and reducing costs. Second, Technology of body and electrical, which is the same as the development trend of traditional energy vehicles, mainly in three aspects: lightweight, intelligent and low carbon^[3].

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