摘 要

水泥回转窑是当今建材行业的重要设备，回转窑各结构的安全稳定运行是回转窑正常生产的前提，否则会造成各种安全事故及经济损失。回转窑的在线检测技术能够有效的检测及预防回转窑出现故障，本文主要研究大齿圈偏摆的在线检测装置方案。本文介绍回转窑的测窑技术的发展和相关的国内外检测技术。初步设计大齿圈径向跳动在线测量装置的总体方案，设计了数据采集的前端硬件和数据处理的仿真程序。

回转窑的在线检测主要包括以下几个方面：回转窑轴线的检测，回转窑托轮位置的检测，轮带径向偏摆检测，回转窑筒体椭圆度检测，回转窑筒体外轮廓检测，大齿圈径向跳动检测。本文主要研究大齿圈偏摆的在线检测装置，它主要由位移传感器、霍尔开关位置传感器、数据采集卡、计算机系统等组成。本文是对大齿圈偏摆进行在线测量，由于大齿圈齿表面浓稠润滑油层的阻碍，测量现场环境恶劣，会受到振动、高温干扰，所以选用电涡流位移传感器作为测量探头。它能进行非接触测量，抗干扰能力强，不受油污影响，灵敏度高，结构简单。电涡流位移传感器在径向跳动和轴向偏摆测量中，磁铁安装在大齿圈侧面，在大齿圈径向跳动检测中传感器安装在大齿圈齿顶正下方，轴向偏摆测量中传感器安装在大齿圈齿侧面。磁铁随着大齿圈转至霍尔开关附近时，霍尔开关给计算机发出开始测量的脉冲信号，通过霍尔开关控制测量的开始与结束。数据采集卡把电涡流位移传感器的检测到的信号经过A/D转换，送入计算机，通过计算机实时分析处理与显示。软件部分采用labVIEW，为了演示大齿圈径向跳动数据处理的过程，用随机数模拟测量数据，基于实际测量过程中的一些假设，设计了仿真程序，对数据进行计算判断与显示。

关键词：回转窑；大齿圈；径向跳动；偏心；在线检测 ；labVIEW

On - line detection device for large gear ring deflection of rotary kiln

Abstract

Cement rotary kiln is an important equipment of the building materials industry today. The safe and stable operation of the rotary kiln structure is the prerequisite for the normal production of the rotary kiln. Otherwise, it will cause various safety accidents and economic losses. The on-line detection technology of rotary kiln can effectively detect and prevent the failure of rotary kiln. This paper mainly studies the on-line detection scheme of radial beating of large ring gear. The paper introduces the development of rotary kiln, the development of kiln technology and the related domestic and foreign detection technology. The overall scheme of on - line measurement of radial beating is put forward, and the simulation program of front - end hardware and data processing is designed.

Rotary kiln on-line detection mainly includes the following aspects: the detection of the rotary kiln axis, the detection of the rotary kiln wheel position, the detection of the radial deviation of the belt, the detection of the arc of the rotary kiln, the detection of the rotary kiln Detection of radial runout of ring gear. This paper mainly studies the on-line detection device of large ring gear deflection. In this paper, the use of eddy current sensor for distance measurement, large ring gear deflection of the on-line measurement, due to poor measurement environment, will be subject to vibration, high temperature and oil interference, so we use eddy current sensor. Eddy current sensor can be non-contact measurement, anti-interference ability, from oil pollution, high sensitivity, simple structure. In the radial runout and axial yaw measurement, the magnet is mounted on the side of the large ring gear. The sensor is mounted on the large tooth ring tooth bottom in the direction of the radial beating of the large ring gear. The sensor in the axial deflection measurement Mounted on the side of the large tooth ring. Magnet With the large ring gear to the vicinity of the Hall switch, the measurement begins. Data acquisition card to the eddy current sensor to detect the signal through the A / D conversion, into the computer, through the computer real-time analysis and processing and display. The software part uses labVIEW and controls the start and end of the measurement via the Hall switch. In order to demonstrate the process of radial beating data processing, the random number is used to simulate the measurement data. Based on some assumptions in the actual measurement process, the simulation program is designed to calculate and judge the data.

Key words: Rotary kiln; large ring gear; radial beating ; eccentric ;on - line inspection;

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1回转窑的概况 1

1.1.1回转窑的应用 1

1.1.2水泥回转窑的结构 1

1.1.3水泥回转窑设备的在线检测技术 3

1.2国内外研究现状 3

1.3．研究目的与意义 4

第二章 大齿圈偏摆在线检测装置总体方案设计 4

2.1大齿圈的结构 4

2.2大齿圈故障及其原因分析 5

2.3测量方法及原理 6

第三章 大齿圈偏摆在线检测装置硬件 7

3.1电涡流位移传感器 8

3.2数据采集卡 10

3.2. 1 数据采集卡的选用 10

3.2.2设计所选数据采集卡 12

第四章 大齿圈偏摆在线检测装置软件设计 13

4.1前面板和程序 13

4.2数据采集系统 14

第五章大齿圈径向跳动的在线检测的labVIEW仿真程序 15

5.1仿真过程的假设 15

5.2仿真程序实现的主要功能 16

5.3仿真程序的设计 16

5.3.1仿真程序总览 16

5.3.2.程序设计思路 18

5.3.3.模拟测量数据的生成 18

5.3.4数据采集速度的仿真 19

5.3.5数据的收集与计算 20

5.3.6检测结果的显示 20

5.3.7检测结果分析与报警 21

第六章 总结 22

参考文献 24

附录：基于labVIEW的回转窑大齿圈径向跳动在线检测技术仿真程序 25

致谢 26

第一章 绪论

1.1回转窑的概况

1.1.1回转窑的应用

回转窑是一种大型煅烧的机械设备，根据回转窑作用的物料的种类不同，工业上的回转窑为水泥回转窑、石灰回转窑和冶金化工回转窑。水泥回转窑是水泥生产中重要的设备，有干法生产水泥回转窑和湿法生产水泥回转窑两种。

水泥回转窑是一个巨大的筒装结构，由钢板卷成，长度可达40-100米。水泥生料在水泥回转窑内经过高温煅烧，发生一系列反应生成水泥熟料。水泥回转窑是当今水泥生产核心的设备，因此，对于水泥回转窑的在线测量技术研究有着重大的意义。

1.1.2水泥回转窑的结构

图1-1回转窑组成示意图

水泥回转窑的结构规模都有所不同，但大体上回转窑都是由以下几个结构组成：筒体、轮带、托轮、挡轮、传动机构和大齿圈。