摘 要

玻璃钢缠绕机是玻璃纤维丝缠绕管道和罐体的专用机组，具有反应速度快、抗干扰能力强、使用方便、调整方便、组装灵活、一机多用的特点。它具有诸多优良的性能，广泛的应用于航天、能源、化工、冶金等领域，在国民经济中发挥着重要作用。本文就是在现有机械式缠绕机的基础上，结合罐型容器的回转性特点，设计一台适用于缠绕规格为Ø300×1200罐型容器的小车环链式机械缠绕机。

机械式缠绕机主体构造分三部分：床头箱、床身及小车。主轴带动芯模转动，环链带动小车运动，通过主轴与小车间的传动比，完成罐形容器的缠绕。在芯模上进行螺旋缠绕，要满足两点要求：一是满足线型设计，纤维与纤维之间既无间隙又不重叠地均匀布满芯模表面；二是纤维位置稳定不滑线，即纤维缠绕轨迹必须是曲面的测地线。为此，缠绕机必须具有两个基本运动：芯模绕其轴线的匀速旋转运动与小车平行芯模轴线方向的直线运动。只要控制这两个运动的速比，就可缠出需要的线型。对容器的筒身段进行螺旋缠绕时，由于螺旋线都是圆柱体表面的测地线，因此只需芯模匀速旋转与小车平行芯模轴线方向匀速直线运动即可实现。对于封头曲面进行缠绕时，绕丝嘴必须作特定规律的变速运动，方能使前述两点要求得以实现，本缠绕机是通过调节链条的布局来实现封头的非线性缠绕。

为了实现缠绕机的基本运动，缠绕机设计有两种传动链：即外联系传动链和内联系传动链。实现主轴旋转，由电动机至芯模的外联系传动链；进行环向和螺旋缠绕时，芯模回转与小车移动之间的内联系传动链。本文的关键就是根据螺旋缠绕与环向缠绕之间的速比设计出满足要求的缠绕机。

关键字：缠绕机，机械，螺旋缠绕，环向缠绕

Abstract

Glass fiber reinforced plastic winding machine is a special unit of glass fiber filament winding pipe and tank, which has the characteristics of fast response, strong anti-interference ability, easy to use, convenient adjustment, flexible assembly and multiple use. It has many excellent properties, widely used in aerospace, energy, chemical industry, metallurgy and other fields, and plays an important role in the national economy. Based on this paper is in the prior mechanical winding machine, combined with the characteristics of rotary tank type container, design a suitable for winding the specification for Ø300×1200 tank type container car ring chain mechanical winding machine.

Mechanical winding machine main structure is divided into three parts: the headstock, bed and car. The spindle drives the mandrel to rotate, the ring chain drives the trolley to move, and through the transmission ratio between the main shaft and the trolley, the winding of the tank container is completed. In the core of spiral wound, must meet two requirements: one is designed to meet the line, between the fiber and the fiber is gapless and overlap of uniformly covered the surface of the core mould; the second is the position stability of the fiber of non slip line; the fiber winding path must be geodesics on surfaces. To this end, the winding machine must have two basic movements: the core model around the axis of the uniform rotation motion and the car parallel to the axis direction of the linear motion. As long as the control of the two movement speed ratio, you can wrap around the need of the line type. The container cylinder figure of spiral wound, because the helix are geodesics on the surface of the cylinder. Thus, the mandrel is rotated at a constant speed and trolley parallel core die axis direction of uniform motion in a straight line can be. The head surface of the wound around the wire mouth must be the speed variation of the specific rules in order to make the above two requirements can be achieved, the winding machine is by adjusting the layout of the chain to realize nonlinear head wound.

In order to realize the basic motion of the winding machine, the winding machine design has two kinds of driving chains: namely, the outer contact transmission chain and the internal link transmission chain. The spindle rotation, by the motor to the core mold outreach transmission chain; ring and spiral winding and mandrel rotation and moving car between contact transmission chain. The key point of this paper is to design a winding machine which can meet the requirements of the ratio between the spiral winding and the hoop winding.

Key Words：winding machine,machine,spiral winding,circumferential winding

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 纤维缠绕工艺简介 1

1.1.1 纤维缠绕成型工艺及其特点 1

1.1.2 纤维缠绕成型工艺的分类及优点 1

1.2 纤维缠绕制品的应用 2

1.3 选题的目的和意义 3

第2章 缠绕机的介绍 5

2.1缠绕机的发展概况 5

2.2缠绕机的主要约束条件 6

2.3缠绕纤维缠绕方式的分析 6

2.3.1螺旋缠绕 6

2.3.2环向缠绕 6

第3章 缠绕机的运动分析 8

3.1螺旋缠绕 8

3.1.1各轴的所需功率计算 8

3.1.2电动机的选取 8

3.1.3各轴的转速计算 8

3.1.4各轴的扭矩计算 8

3.2环向缠绕 9

3.3链轮的传动 9

3.3.1各轴的所需功率计算 9

3.3.2各轴的转速计算 9

3.3.3各轴的扭矩计算 10

第4章 主要结构设计 10

4.1床头箱的设计 10

4.2传动轴的设计 10

4.3直齿齿轮的设计 11

4.3.1许用弯曲应力σ_FP的计算 11

4.3.2齿面许用接触应力σ_HP的计算 11

4.3.3小齿轮的校核 12

4.4直齿锥齿轮的设计 13

4.4.1直齿锥齿轮的尺寸设计 13

4.4.2直齿锥齿轮的弯曲疲劳计算 14

4.4.3直齿锥齿轮的齿面接触疲劳强度计算 14

4.5链轮的齿形和滚子链链的选取 14

4.6链轮结构 15

4.7 床身结构设计 16

4.8 尾座的设计 16

4.9三爪卡盘的设计尺寸参考图 17

第5章 总结与展望 18

5.1 总结 18

5.2 展望 18

参考文献 19

致 谢 20

1. 绪论
   1. 纤维缠绕工艺简介

缠绕成型工艺指的是将连续纤维通过树脂浸胶或采用预浸胶纤维，按照一定的缠绕规律缠绕到规则的芯模上，然后在加热或常温状况下进行固化，制作成具有一定形状制品的一种生产工艺。缠绕成型的设备主要是缠绕机，辅助设备有浸胶装置，纤维张力装置，初产品加热固化装置以及纱架装置等^[1]。

• • 1. 纤维缠绕成型工艺及其特点

缠绕成型工艺的特点是：制品呈各向异性，强度是方向性比较明显，层间剪切强度低；制品的几何形状有局限，仅适用于制造圆柱体、球体、锥体、椭圆体、一些正曲率回转体制品以及部分上述形体的条件组合，对负曲率回转体制品及绝大多数非回转体缠绕难度较大；缠绕设备通用性好且其辅助设备较多，投资较大。

与其他成型工艺相比，缠绕成型制得的玻璃钢制品具有的优点是^[2]：比强度高，可超过钛合金；制品质量高而稳定，易实现机械化自动化生产；成本较低，通常采用廉价无捻纱作原料，生产效率高。

• • 1. 纤维缠绕成型工艺的分类及优点

根据纤维缠绕成型时树脂基体的物理化学状态不同，分为干法缠绕、湿法缠绕和半干法缠绕三种^[3]。