论文总字数：17764字

摘 要

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 对流传热简介 1

1.3 管壳式换热器研究现状及发展 1

1.4 强化传热 2

1.5 本毕业设计主要完成的工作 3

第二章 换热器工艺计算 5

2.1 设计任务和设计条件 5

2.2 确定HCBN气、水蒸气的物性参数 5

2.2.1 管程和壳程流量汇总 5

2.2.2 流程安排 5

2.2.3 物性的确定 6

2.3 计算传热面积 6

2.3.1 热负荷的计算 6

2.3.2 平均温度差 6

2.3.3 传热面积 7

2.4 工艺及大体重要结构设计 7

2.4.1 换热器必要结构尺寸 7

2.4.2 换热管排列方式 7

2.4.3 接管内层直径计算 8

2.5 换热器压降检验计算 8

2.5.1 管程压强降检验计算 9

2.5.2 壳程压强降校核计算 9

2.6 核算总传热系数 9

2.6.1 管程αi 10

2.6.2 壳程αo 10

2.7 本章小结 10

第三章 换热器结构设计 13

3.1 设计参数 13

3.2 筒体设计 13

3.3 封头设计 14

3.3.1 封头厚度计算 14

3.3.2 封头选型 14

3.4 接管结构设计 15

3.4.1 管程进口接管 15

3.4.2 管程出口接管 16

3.4.3 壳程进口接管 16

3.4.4 壳程出口接管 16

3.5 法兰选型 17

3.5.1 管箱法兰 17

3.5.2 接管法兰 17

3.6 管板 18

3.6.1 管板材料 19

3.6.2 结构形式 19

3.6.3 结构尺寸 19

3.7 换热管 19

3.7.1 材料选取 19

3.7.2 结构尺寸 19

3.7.3 排列方式 20

3.8 换热管与管板连接结构 20

3.9 折流板 21

3.10 拉杆 21

3.10.1 材料选取 21

3.10.2 结构形式 21

3.10.3 拉杆尺寸 21

3.11 定距管 22

3.11.1 材料选取 22

3.11.2 结构形式 22

3.11.3 定距管尺寸 22

3.12 鞍座 22

3.12.1 支座工作载荷计算 23

3.12.2 鞍座选型 23

3.13 本章小结 24

第四章 强度计算 25

4.1 筒体强度验查计算 25

4.1.1 筒体厚度检验 25

4.1.2 圆筒上轴向应力 25

4.2 封头强度验查计算 26

4.2.1 封头厚度验查计算 26

4.2.2 压力试验应力校核 26

4.3 法兰强度验查计算 27

4.3.1 法兰螺栓强度验查计算 27

4.4 法兰强度校核 28

4.5 管板强度计算 29

4.5.1 管板厚度计算 29

4.5.2 管板应力校核 29

4.6 开孔补强计算 29

4.7 本章小结 30

第五章 设备经济评价 31

5.1 成本核算 31

5.2 产品评价 32

第六章 总结与展望 33

6.1 总结 33

6.2 展望 33

参考文献 34

致谢 36

附录 37

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of society and economy, heat exchangers are widely used in thermoelectricity, factories, mines, petrochemicals and other fields. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a partitioned wall heat exchanger with the wall surface of the tube bundle as the heat transfer surface in a closed shell. The shell-and-tube type has the characteristics of large heat transfer area, high heat transfer coefficient, compact structure and easy installation, and is suitable for medium heat exchange under various pressure conditions and different temperature conditions.

The E307 heat exchanger is an imported equipment, and its structure is in the BEM form of the American Tube Exchanger (TEMA) standard. The structure and process calculations are based on foreign standards. This thesis is mainly based on the relevant structure of E307 heat exchanger and summarizes the relevant literature, and completes the process calculation, structural design and strength were completed according to the domestic relevant standards Then the localized design was performed. It is calculated that the heat transfer area of ​​the designed heat exchanger is A = 436m², which adopts a fixed tube sheet structure, where a single shell pass and a single tube pass, Φ25 × 2.5 specifications tube are used, and the tube bundle adopts a square arrangement. In terms of strength check, SW6 software was used to perform strength calculation and stress check on the key structure of the heat exchanger. The result of the check shows that the structure and size of the designed heat exchanger meet the safety requirements. Finally, CAD software was used to draw equipment assembly drawings and main structural parts drawings. Finally, the processing cost of the material processing cost of the heat exchanger and the economic benefits of the operation were calculated, and the product evaluation was completed.

Key Words: Shell and tube heat exchanger; Localized design; Strength calculation

摘要

随着社会和经济的快速发展，换热器在热电、厂矿、石油化工等领域广泛使用。管壳式换热器又称列管式换热器，是在封闭的壳体中以管束的壁面作为传热面的间壁式换热器。管壳式具有传热面积大、传热系数高、结构紧凑安装方便等特点，并且适用于多种压力条件下，不同温度条件下的介质热交换。

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