论文总字数：13661字

摘 要

在炭素工业生产中，热管省煤器可以回收煅烧锅炉的烟气余热用来加热凝结水，从而解决烟气排放温度过高的问题，可随即又会存在烟气硫酸露点腐蚀的风险。本课题在回顾热管省煤器在我国近几十年的的研究成果同时，学习了国内已经将热管省煤器使用于生产中的几家企业的具体应用现状。选取相变介质换热器作为烟气余热回收利用换热器，其利用水充当相变中间介质，从而阻断烟气与供热水的直接换热，解决露点腐蚀问题。本文根据课题提供的工艺参数，在深究并介绍炭素生产工艺流程后，对热管省煤器部分进行热力、阻力、校核等计算，根据省煤器实际使用环境依照各个标准选定合适的材质，采取适宜的布置与装配方案。在进行经济效益分析后实现了热管省煤器既定的提高煅烧锅炉热效应的目标，设计的热管省煤器为横向布置的相变换热器。省煤器的传热量为783.3kW，计算迎风面积为2.87m²，传热系数135W/(m²·℃)，传热面积35.639 m²，总共用到翅片管210根。其中为了解决露点腐蚀问题增设了相变介质凝结器，计算其凝结液量可达1184.49kg/h，传热系数365.538 W/(m²·℃)，传热面积22.912 m²，总共用到翅片管72根。经效益分析后，机组一年可节省标煤326吨，提升节能效益16.71万元，具有显著的经济效益与社会效益。并绘制设备总装配图、系统布置图、工艺流程图等CAD图纸。

关键词：热管省煤器 炭素 露点腐蚀

Design of heat pipe economizer for carbon device

Abstract

In the industrial production of carbon, the heat pipe economizer can recover the waste heat of flue gas from the calcining boiler to heat the condensate water, thus solving the problem of excessive emission temperature of flue gas, and then there will be the risk of flue gas sulfuric acid dew point corrosion.This paper reviews the research results of heat pipe economizer in recent decades in China and studies the specific application status of several enterprises that have used heat pipe economizer in production in China.The phase change medium heat exchanger is selected as the waste heat recovery and utilization heat exchanger of flue gas, and water is used as the phase change medium, so as to block the direct heat exchange between flue gas and heating water and solve the problem of dew point corrosion.In this paper, according to the technical parameters provided by the subject, after in-depth study and introduction of the carbon production process, heat, resistance, check and other calculations are carried out for the part of the heat pipe economizer. According to the actual use environment of the economizer, appropriate materials are selected according to each standard, and appropriate arrangement and assembly scheme is adopted.After analyzing the economic benefit, the aim of improving the heat effect of calcining boiler is realized. The designed heat pipe economizer is a phase change heat exchanger with transverse arrangement.The heat transfer of the economistis 783.3kW, the calculated windward area is 2.87m², the heat transfer coefficient is 135 W/(m²·℃), and the heat transfer area is 35.639m². A total of 210 finned tubes are used.In order to solve the problem of dew point corrosion, a phase change medium coagulator was added. The calculated condensate volume was up to 1,184.49kg/h, the heat transfer coefficient was 365.538 W/(m²·℃), and the heat transfer area was 22.912m². A total of 72 finned tubes were used.After benefit analysis, the unit can save 326 tons of standard coal a year and increase energy saving benefit of 167.100 yuan, which has significant economic and social benefits.And draw equipment general assembly drawing, system layout drawing, process flow chart and other CAD drawings.

Key words: Heat pipe economizer; carbon; Dew point corrosion.

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1

1.1.1课题研究背景 1

1.1.2热管省煤器研究意义 1

1.2 热管省煤器的研究现状和应用现状 2

1.2.1热管省煤器的研究现状 2

1.2.2热管省煤器的应用现状 3

1.3 本文研究内容和主要工作 3

第二章 炭素材料的生产工艺流程 4

2.1 炭素材料的生产工艺流程 4

2.2 烟气余热回收利用系统的设计 4

第三章 热管省煤器的设计 6

3.1 设计参数 6

3.2 相变介质蒸发段的设计 6

3.2.1传热量 6

3.2.2迎风面尺寸 6

3.2.3翅片管选型和排列 6

3.2.4翅片管外换热系数 7

3.2.5翅片效率计算 7

3.2.6以基管外表面为基准的换热系数 8

3.2.7管内换热系数的确定 8

3.2.8传热热阻和传热系数 9

3.2.9传热温差（按顺流方式） 9

3.2.10传热面积和翅片管根数 10

3.3 相变介质凝结段的设计 10

3.3.1换热量及水流量 10

3.3.2凝结液量 10

3.3.3套管及集流管选型 11

3.3.4传热系数和传热温差 11

3.3.5传热面积和翅片管根数 12

3.3.6管内换热系数的验算 12

3.4 设计参数汇总 13

第四章 经济效益分析 15

4.1 设备总投资 15

4.2 设备耗电 15

4.3 省煤量 15

4.4 投资回收时间 16

4.5 经济效益分析总结 16

第五章 总结 17

参考文献 18

附录 20

致谢 23

绪论

课题研究背景及意义

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