论文总字数：26147字

摘 要

进入二十一世纪以来，全世界对于能源的需求量越来越大，环境问题也是日益严峻；而天然气作为一种比较清洁的能源，在所消耗的能源中所占的比例也是呈逐渐上涨的趋势。从目前来看，天然气的长距离运输有且只有一种方式，就是管道运输；然而，在短距离运输上，管道运输并不是最好的选择。因为铺设管道的投资较大，明显不如陆路运输，所以，在天然气的短距离运输上，车载运输是最理想的方式。因此开发出了长管拖车作为天然气的短距离运输工具，并得到了广泛认可。用于承载压缩天然气（Compressed Natural Gas）的容器，简称CNG气瓶，也越来越受到人们的关注。现在主要使用的钢制无缝气瓶长管拖车重量较大，运输成本较高，而为了实现轻量化，国内外都开展了CNG-2型瓶的研究，并设计开发了金属内胆纤维环向缠绕瓶用于长管拖车运输CNG。本次设计的25MPa碳纤维缠绕金属内胆CNG长管拖车承压结构设计正是针对这一研究而展开的设计。

以目前广泛采用的长管拖车气瓶作为模板，对封头、壁厚、筒体等主要部位进行设计优化，并采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立气瓶模型和环缠绕缠绕层模型，并进行分析。具体的情况分为一下几种：气瓶在爆破压力作用下的长管拖车天然气气瓶的静强度分析、气瓶在内压作用下的长管拖车天然气气瓶静强度分析，并且最终设计出工作压力为25 Mpa的长管拖车气瓶。

关键词：长管拖车 气瓶 复合材料 环缠绕

Abstract

Since the new century, the world for energy consumption is growing, environmental problems are increasingly serious; natural gas as a cleaner energy, the energy consumed in the proportion is also getting higher and higher. From the current point of view, there is only one way of long-distance transport of natural gas, that is, pipeline transportation; but in short-distance transport, pipeline transportation is not the best choice. Because the investment in the laying of the pipeline is greater, obviously not as good as land transport, so the long-distance transport of natural gas, vehicle transport is the best way. So the development of a long trailer as a short-distance transport of natural gas vehicles, and has been widely recognized. Compressed Natural Gas (Compressed Natural Gas) containers, referred to as CNG cylinders, more and more people's attention. Now the main use of steel seamless gas cylinders long trailer heavier, high transport costs, and in order to achieve lightweight, both at home and abroad have carried out CNG-2 bottle research, and the design and development of the metal liner fiber ring To the winding bottle for long tube trailer transport CNG. The design of the 25MPa carbon fiber wound metal liner CNG long tube trailer pressure structure design is designed for this study.

The main models of head, wall thickness and cylinder are optimized by using the long - trailer gas cylinders which are widely used as the template. The finite element software ABAQUS is used to establish the cylinder model and the ring - winding winding model, and the analysis is carried out. The static strength analysis of the natural gas cylinders of the long trailers under the action of the burst pressure is analyzed, and the final working pressure is 25Mpa. The static pressure of the natural gas cylinders is analyzed. Long tube trailer cylinders.

Keywords: Long tube trailer; Cylinders; Composites; Ring winding

目 录

第1章 绪论..................................................................................................................1

1.1 引言.....................................................................................................................1

1.2 长管拖车介绍.....................................................................................................1

1.2.1 长管拖车类型...............................................................................................1

1.2.2 框架式长管拖车结构介绍...........................................................................2

1.2.3 长管拖车优势分析.......................................................................................3

1.2.4 长管拖车发展现状.......................................................................................3

1.2.5 长管拖车标准现状.......................................................................................4

1.3 复合材料气瓶介绍.............................................................................................4

1.3.1 复合材料定义...............................................................................................4

1.3.2 复合材料分类...............................................................................................4

1.3.3 复合材料气瓶分类.......................................................................................5

1.3.4 复合材料优势...............................................................................................5

1.3.5 复合材料气瓶的应用...................................................................................5

1.4 立题背景及研究意义.........................................................................................5

1.5 主要研究内容.....................................................................................................6

第2章 长管拖车失效形式及分析..............................................................................9

2.1 引言.....................................................................................................................9

2.2 长管拖车失效形式故障树...............................................................................10

2.3 针对不同损伤的判定.......................................................................................12

2.4 本章小结...........................................................................................................13

第3章 碳纤维环向缠绕金属内胆CNG气瓶设计.................................................15

3.1 引言...................................................................................................................15

3.2 气瓶材料选择...................................................................................................15

3.2.1 金属内胆的材料选择.................................................................................15

3.2.2 纤维复合材料.............................................................................................15

3.3 复合材料缠绕层缠绕方式介绍及选择...........................................................15

3.3.1 缠绕方式介绍.............................................................................................15

3.3.2 缠绕方式选择.............................................................................................15

3.4 筒体壁厚计算...................................................................................................17

3.5 复合材料缠绕层的设计...................................................................................18

3.6 筒体尺寸设计...................................................................................................18

3.7 水压、爆破、试验压力计算...........................................................................19

3.8 本章小结...........................................................................................................19

第4章 CNG压缩天然气气瓶的有限元分析.......................................................21

4.1 引言...................................................................................................................21

4.1.1 有限元分析法介绍.....................................................................................21

4.2.1 ABAQUS有限元分析软件介绍.................................................................21

4.2 气瓶的有限元分析...........................................................................................21

4.2.1 气瓶模型的建立.........................................................................................22

4.2.2 材料属性定义.............................................................................................22

4.2.3 装配.............................................................................................................23

4.2.4 金属内衬与缠绕层的绑定.........................................................................23

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