论文总字数：19351字

摘 要

拱顶储罐(Dome Roof Tank)具有结构简单、造价较低、施工方便、节省材料、储存量大等优点，主要应用于石化企业，属于常压储罐。

本文基于有限元方法，对储罐容积为5000m³拱顶原油储罐进行数值研究，其中，5000m³储罐罐顶结构为网壳结构，罐顶与壁板通过槽钢连接；罐壁由不同厚度的钢板连接而成，壁板与边缘板通过大角焊缝连接。封头、槽钢及上层筒体材料为Q235R,下层筒体及底部为Q345R。

本文的主要研究内容和结论如下：

（1）本文基于PRO/E软件，建立5000m³拱顶原油储罐内部流体的数值模型，在CFD中对半罐油罐工况下内部流体模型进行数值分析，得出内部流体的温度场和压力场分布。

（2）基于有限元方法，在ANSYS中，建立拱顶罐封头，槽钢，筒体，底部，进口管，呼吸阀及焊缝等部件的三维有限元模型，导入储罐内部外层流体的温度场和压力场，计算出拱顶罐各部件的温度场和应力场。

（3）理论评估半罐工况下各部件的应力和位移分布，采用origin绘出顶部及底部焊缝的应力应变曲线。通过结果可以看出，在半罐工况下，拱顶罐运行正常。

关键词：拱顶罐；ANSYS；应力场；数值模拟；温度场

ABSTRACT

Dome Roof Tank (Dome Roof Tank) has a lot of merits, such as a simple structure, low cost, easy construction, saving materials, storage capacity, etc., mainly used in petrochemical enterprises. They are atmospheric tanks.

Based on the ANSYS method, taking numerical study on 5000m3 dome roof oil storage tank, the top of the 5000m3 dome roof oil storage tank is reticulated shell, the roof and the wall connected by steel channel; Walls are connected by steel plates of different thicknesses, the wall and the edges of the plates are connected by weld horn. The materials of the roof of the storage tank, the upper walls, channel steel are Q235R. The material of the floor and the bottom walls of the tank is Q345R.

The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:

(1) Based on PRO / E software to build numerical model of the fluid inside the 5000m3 dome roof oil storage tank. In the semi tank condition, using CFD to take numerical analysis internal for the fluid model, getting the results of temperature and pressure distribution for the internal fluid.

(2) Based finite element method, in ANSYS, establishing the the three-dimensional finite element model of the roof, , channel, tube, bottom inlet tube, breathing valve and weld and other parts, importing the temperature and pressure fields of the layer fluid in the tank, calculating the temperature and stress fields for each components of the dome roof tank.

(3) In the semi tank condition, getting the oretical assessment of the stress and displacement distribution for the components, using origin to draw the top and bottom weld stress-strain curve. In the semi tank condition, the results can be seen in the dome roof tank is operating normally.

Keywords: dome roof tank; ANSYS; stress field; numerical simulation; temperature field

目 录

摘 要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 拱形储罐简介 1

1.1.1拱形储罐的结构 1

1.1.2拱形储罐的特点 3

1.1.3储罐的分类 3

1.2拱形储罐的研究现状 5

1.2.1拱形储罐的大型化研究 5

1.2.2拱形储罐的网格网壳研究 8

1.2.3大型储罐目前存在的问题 9

1.2.4拱形储罐的国内外研究 10

1.3 本文主要的研究内容 10

第二章 拱形储罐内部流体的CFD分析 12

2.1几何模型的建立 12

2.2网格的划分 13

2.2.1网格生成技术 13

2.2.2 网格划分及质量优化 14

2.3 边界条件 15

2.4数字模拟过程 15

2.5 CFD模拟结果 16

2.6本章小结 19

第三章 拱形储罐的有限元分析 20

3.1拱形储罐的有限元建立 20

3.1.1几何模型的建立 20

3.1.2网格的划分 21

3.1.3有限元热力学模拟 21

3.1.4边界条件设置 22

3.2半罐工况下有限元数值分析结果 22

3.2.1 半罐工况下有限元温度分析 22

3.2.2 半罐工况下下有限元应力分析 23

3.2.3半罐工况下有限元位移分析 25

3.2.4 半罐工况下有限元薄膜及弯曲应力分析 26

3.3 origin结果分析 27

3.3本章小结 29

第四章 结论与展望 31

4.1 结论 31

4.2 展望 31

参考文献 33

致 谢 36

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