论文总字数：27326字

摘 要

由于奥氏体不锈钢具有良好的耐蚀性和韧性，它在石油化工、航空以及核能等很多领域得到了广泛的应用。但在450~850℃的腐蚀介质中使用时，奥氏体不锈钢极易发生晶间腐蚀。

奥氏体不锈钢的晶间腐蚀是一种很严重的局部腐蚀。本文利用硫酸-硫酸铜试验和EPR试验进行预应变奥氏体不锈钢薄板晶间腐蚀试验。结果表明，在同样的敏化条件下，预应变使得304奥氏体不锈钢的晶间腐蚀敏感性增强。

关键词：预应变 奥氏体不锈钢 晶间腐蚀

Study of the intergranular corrosion of pre-trained

austenitic stainless steel

Abstract

Austenitic stainless steel has been wildly used in many fields due to its good corrosion resistance and toughness in petrochemical industry, aviation, nuclear energy, and so on. However, intergranular corrosion would occur when it is exposed to the environment with temperature between 450 and 850℃.

Intergranular corrosion is a serious local corrosion. Using the method of copper sulfuric-sulfate acid test and double-loop (DL) electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation(EPR), the resistance to the pre-strained austenitic stainless steel were measured in the article. The result shows that, the intergranular corrosion of the sensitized and pre-strained austenitic stainless steel is increased

Key Words: Pre-strained; Austenitic Stainless Steel,Intergranular Corrosion

目 录

摘要..............................................................Ⅰ

ABSTRACT.........................................................Ⅱ

第一章 绪论.......................................................1

1.1前言....................................................................................................................1

1.2不锈钢的分类和性能.........................................................................................1

1.1.1 不锈钢简介.............................................................................................1

1.1.2不锈钢分类..............................................................................................1

1.1.3奥氏体不锈钢的性能..............................................................................2

1.1.4奥氏体不锈钢的焊接..............................................................................5

1.1.5奥氏体不锈钢的热处理..........................................................................6

1.1.6不锈钢常见的腐蚀类型..........................................................................7

1.2本课题研究的主要内容.....................................................................................8

第二章 奥氏体不锈钢在板翅式换热器上的应用...................10

2.1 前言.................................................................................................................10

2.2 板翅式换热器.................................................................................................10

2.3 本章小结.........................................................................................................11

第三章 奥氏体不锈钢的晶间腐蚀.................................12

3.1 前言.................................................................................................................12

3.2 晶间腐蚀的特性.............................................................................................12

3.3晶间腐蚀机理...................................................................................................12

3.4 晶间腐蚀的检测方法.....................................................................................14

3.4.1 热酸浸泡法...........................................................................................14

3.4.2 电化学法...............................................................................................15

3.5 晶间腐蚀的影响因素及相应措施.................................................................18

3.5.1 腐蚀介质的影响...................................................................................18

3.5.2 温度的影响...........................................................................................18

3.5.3 含碳量的影响.......................................................................................19

3.5.4 组织结构的影响...................................................................................19

3.5.5 合金元素的影响...................................................................................19

3.5.6 热处理工艺的影响...............................................................................19

3.6 本章小结.........................................................................................................20

第四章 预应变奥氏体不锈钢薄板的晶间腐蚀试验................21

4.1 前言.................................................................................................................21

4.2 试验根据.........................................................................................................21

4.2.1 硫酸-硫酸铜试验原理..........................................................................21

4.2.2 EPR试验原理........................................................................................21

4.3 试验材料、过程与方法...................................................................................22

4.3.1 试验材料...............................................................................................22

4.3.2 试验过程...............................................................................................22

4.4 试验结果与讨论.............................................................................................23

4.4.1 硫酸-硫酸铜试验结果分析..................................................................23

4.4.2 EPR试验结果分析................................................................................25

4.5 本章小结.........................................................................................................26

第五章 结论与展望...............................................27

5.1 结论.................................................................................................................27

5.2 展望.................................................................................................................27

参考文献.........................................................28

致谢..............................................................30

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