高压液相氟化反应器的设计毕业论文
2022-07-13 22:00:30
论文总字数:22857字
摘 要
有机物中引进氟原子可增加其热稳定性、抗氧化性,改善电效应以及有机物的生物活性。为了通过氟化反应得到含氟化合物,氟化反应器的研究设计尤为重要。
现在常用的氟化反应器有两大类:搅拌式氟化反应器和循环式氟化反应器。搅拌式反应器能增强物料的返混程度,提高反应速度和生产能力。传统的循环式氟化反应器一般靠自然回流来达到物料的混和和散热,所以物料返混强度不够,生产能力较小。本设计采用搅拌式氟化反应器。
本文设计的是3m3高压液相搅拌式氟化反应器,通过对搅拌容器、搅拌装置、传动装置、轴封装置、支座、人孔、工艺接管等一些附件的计算完成整个设备的设计计算:
(1)搅拌容器分为罐体和夹套两部分,根据GB150、GB/T25198-2010、《过程设备设计》等相关资料完成罐体与夹套的设计,分别按内压与外压对筒体和封头进行强度计算,最后以水压试验校核。
(2)搅拌装置分为搅拌器和搅拌轴,通过已知的反应介质查阅设计手册,选择桨式折叶型搅拌器,根据永田进治的搅拌功率计算式计算搅拌功率,再通过搅拌功率进行搅拌轴的设计计算,最后进行搅拌轴的校核。
(3)选择型号设备设计符合工艺要求,完成CAD图。
关键词:氟化反应器、夹套反应釜、搅拌装置、压力容器
ABSTRACT
Organic fluorine atoms were introduced to increase their thermal stability, oxidation resistance and improve their electric effect as well as the biological activity of organisms. In order to obtain a fluorine-containing compound by a fluorination reaction, the study of reactor is particularly important.
Now, there are two kinds of fluorination reactor were commonly used: stirred Fluorination reactor and circulation fluorination reactor. Stirred reactor can enhance the degree of back mixing of the material, increase the reaction rate and production capacity. Conventional fluorination reactor for circulating type is usually rely on the natural reflux to achieve the material mixing and cooling, so that the back mixing material strength is not enough and production capacity is very small. A stirred reactor fluorination is used in this article.
3m3 high pressure liquid stirred fluorination reactor is designed in the paper. This article is based on the stirred vessel, stirrer device, driving device, shaft sealing device, support, manholes, technology takes over and some other accessories to complete the design computing of the entire equipment.
(1) Stirred vessel is divided into tanks and the jacket. The design of the tank and jacket is completed according to GB150, GB/T25198-2010, "Process Equipment Design" and other relevant information. The strength calculations of the cylinder and head are completed according to the internal pressure and external pressure respectively. Finally the water pressure test is finished.
(2) Stirring device is divided into stirrer and stirring shaft. Paddle folding blade blender is chose by consulting the design manual for the known reaction medium. Stirring power is calculated finished.
(3)Select the type of equipment designed to meet the technical requirements, the completion of CAD drawings.
Keywords: Fluorination reactor, Jacketed reactor, Stirring device, Pressure vessels
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1概述 1
1.2氟化方法简介 1
1.3氟化反应器主要类型 2
1.4氟化反应器的结构及制造 3
1.4.1氟化反应器概述 3
1.4.2制造工艺 3
1.4.3结构及制造工艺改进 4
1.5氟化反应器中搅拌器的选用 6
1.5.1搅拌器简介 6
1.5.2搅拌器选用 6
第二章 设计方案的拟定和反应釜体的设计 8
2.1设计方案的拟定 8
2.2反应釜釜体的设计 8
2.2.1罐体几何尺寸计算 8
2.2.2夹套几何尺寸计算 11
2.2.3夹套反应釜的强度计算 12
2.2.4 水压试验校核计算 14
第三章 反应釜的搅拌装置与传动装置 15
3.1反应釜的搅拌装置 15
3.1.1搅拌器的选择 15
3.1.2搅拌轴设计 16
3.2反应釜的传动装置 18
3.2.1电机的选择及其连接 18
3.2.2釜用减速机类型,标准及其选用 23
3.2.3联轴器 25
第四章 反应釜的轴封装置及其他附件 27
4.1反应釜的轴封装置 27
4.2反应釜的其他附件 29
4.2.1支座 29
4.2.2手孔 30
4.2.3设备接管 30
第五章 总结 31
5.1结论 31
5.2展望 31
参考文献 32
第一章 绪论
1.1概述
有机物中引进氟原子可增加其热稳定性、抗氧化性,改善电效应以及有机物的生物活性。含氟芳香族化合物主要用作农药、医药等生理活性化合物的中间体,具有很好的热稳定性及较高的脂溶性。因为氟本身活性很高,在反应中很难控制,尤其是在特定的位置上引进氟原子时难度更大,所以含氟有机物的制备仍是一个很有挑战性的研究领域,有选择性地向有机物中引入氟原子是化学工业的重要课题,也是化学研究和生产领域的一大挑战[1-3]。
1.2氟化方法简介
1.Halex法和重氮法/重氮盐法
将氟原子引入芳香环的方法有几种, 其中以Halex法和重氮化/重氮盐法应用最广。
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