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摘要茎叶类蔬菜有序收获机柔性夹持输送机构设计

我国目前的蔬菜种植面积正在逐年扩大，其中茎叶类蔬菜占了很大部分。但是蔬菜收获的机械化水平很低，大多数地区收获茎叶类蔬菜仍在采用人工收获的方法。人工收获需要付出很大的劳动力，并且效率不高，因此，对茎叶类收获机的研究至关重要。

有序夹持输送机构作为茎叶类蔬菜收获机的核心工作部件，其性能好坏将严重影响收获质量，而其中夹持力的确定更为关键，夹持力过小会导致蔬菜掉落，夹持力过大又会导致蔬菜茎部碎裂，影响蔬菜经济价值。本课题主要从茎叶类蔬菜的物理特性，柔性夹持输送带力学特性，夹持输送机构结构设计，输送夹持过程有限元仿真及试验验证等方面进行研究，研制柔性夹持输送机构，解决现有茎叶类蔬菜有序收获机存在的夹持损伤率高，容易卡菜等问题。

关键词：茎叶类蔬菜；柔性夹持；结构设计

Design of Flexible Clamping and Conveyor Mechanism of Stem and Leaf Vegetable Orderly Harvester

Abstract

At present, the vegetable planting area in China is expanding year by year, in which stem and leaf vegetables account for a large part. However, the mechanization level of vegetable harvest is very low, and the harvest of stem and leaf vegetables in most areas is still using the method of artificial harvest. Manual harvesting needs to pay a lot of labor, and the efficiency is not high, so the research of stem and leaf harvester is very important.

As the core part of the stem and leaf vegetable harvester, the performance of the orderly clamping and conveying mechanism will seriously affect the harvest quality, and the determination of the clamping force is more critical. Too small clamping force will lead to vegetables falling, and too large clamping force will lead to vegetables stem fragmentation, which will affect the economic value of vegetables. This topic mainly studies the physical characteristics of stem and leaf vegetables, the mechanical characteristics of flexible clamping conveyor belt, the structural design of clamping conveyor mechanism, the finite element simulation and experimental verification of conveying and clamping process, and develops the flexible clamping conveyor mechanism to solve the problems of high clamping damage rate and easy to jam in the existing stem and leaf vegetables sequential harvester.