论文总字数：14387字

摘 要

相对于中小型货物的起吊与搬运，手动液压吊车是一种非常简易和经济的设备。虽然大多数手摇液压起重机结构简单，自动化程度低，但拆装方便，价格低廉，维修方便。因此，小型起重机已广泛应用于小型工厂、车间、仓库、码头、装卸场，维修现场的装卸和堆放具有很大的市场潜力。

小型吊车作为汽车装配的重要工具，由于我国汽车销售量每年都大幅度的增加，小型吊车的需求量也大大增加。小型吊车是用于维修汽车、高空电器等最基本工具，其具有结构简单，拆装方便的特点。通过对小型吊车全面系统的设计计算，对吊车的结构和传动方式进行深度的探讨，对于人们日后了解小型吊车都有着深远的现实意义。

本次设计的是小型吊车，小型吊车有多种类型,根据传动方式一般可分为气动传动、齿轮传动和液压传动。齿轮传动具的瞬时传动比保持恒定不变，准确可靠。当一对传动齿轮的齿数改变时，齿轮的传动的性能也会发生变化。液压传动装置虽然体积小、重量轻，但其功率与重量的关系很大，由于液压装置的流量易于连续调节，实现无级调速，调速范围大，性能好，液压传动装置的选择是必要的，液压传动装置不仅工作平稳、响应迅速，而且能随频率启动、制动、换向，便于进行过载保护，所用元器件易于标准化、系列化和通用化。

关键词：小型吊车；机构设计；有限元

Structure Design of Small Crane

Abstract

Manual hydraulic crane is undoubtedly a simple and economical equipment for lifting and transporting small and medium-sized articles (mass lt; 2T). Although most of the current manual hydraulic cranes are simple in structure and low in automation, they are easy to disassemble and assemble, cheap and easy to maintain. They are still widely used in lifting objects, loading and unloading goods, handling and stacking in small factories, workshops, warehouses, docks, freight yards, maintenance equipment and other places, and have great market potential.

With the increase of automobile sales in China, as an important tool for automobile assembly, the demand of small cranes has increased greatly. Small crane is the most basic tool for repairing automobiles and high-altitude electrical appliances, which has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient disassembly and assembly. Through the overall system design and calculation of the small crane of the lifting machine, the structure and transmission mode of the crane are deeply discussed, which has far-reaching practical significance for people to understand the small crane in the future.

This design is a small crane. There are many types of small cranes, which can be generally divided into pneumatic transmission, gear transmission and hydraulic transmission according to the transmission mode. The instantaneous transmission ratio of gear transmission keeps constant, which is accurate and reliable. When the number of teeth of a pair of transmission gears changes, its transmission performance also changes. Hydraulic transmission device is small in size and light in weight, that is, it has a large ratio of power to weight. Because the flow rate is easy to be continuously adjusted, the hydraulic transmission can conveniently realize speed regulation with wide speed regulation range and good performance. The hydraulic transmission device works stably and responds quickly, and can be started, braked and reversed frequently. Hydraulic transmission is easy to realize overload protection. Components and accessories used in hydraulic transmission are easy to realize standardization, serialization and generalization.

Keywords:Small crane，Structural design，Finite element

目录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 小型吊车选题背景 1

1.3 小型吊车课题关键 1

第二章 小吊车动力装置的选择 3

2.1 液压系统简介 3

2.2 小吊车液压传动的工作原理 3

2.3 液压传动与气动及机械传动的比较选择 4

第三章 小吊车的总体设计与计算 5

3.1 小吊车的整体设计选择 5

3.2 小吊车的部件组成及特性 6

3.3 小吊车的重要组件 6

3.4 小吊车起重梁和其他局部梁的剪力及弯矩分析 7

3.4.1 弯曲理论 7

3.4.2 剪力图与弯矩图的含义 10

3.4.3 起重梁的剪力图与弯矩图 10

3.5 小吊车的工作过程 12

第四章 有限元分析 13

致 谢 15

参考文献 16

第一章 绪论

1.1小型吊车选题背景

随着我国汽车销售量的增加，小型吊车作为汽车装配的重要工具，需求量也大大增加。小型吊车是用于维修汽车、高空电器等最基本工具，其具有结构简单，拆装方便的特点。通过对小型吊车全面系统的设计计算，对吊车的结构和传动方式进行深度的探讨，对于人们日后了解小型吊车都有着深远的现实意义。

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：14387字