磁吸附移动机器人机械系统设计
2023-04-10 16:51:18
论文总字数:14923字
摘 要
永磁式爬壁机器人一般使用永磁体作为吸附力的来源,所以在履带的四周会安装有很多的永磁体的小磁块,通过这些磁块产生的吸附力,使机器人拥有足够的吸附力,从而吸附在工件表面上,这些小磁块的吸附力是相同的,不过由于位置的不同而产生的吸附力不同,而这些磁块主要是安置在履带上,又通过履带完成自由的移动。所以磁块的吸附力的能力我们要重点研究分析,同时履带的移动方式和承载能力,以及它的结构和特点都将成为我们的研究重点。
在永磁体方面我们侧重研究几个方面,一个是永磁体的吸附力形式以及稳定性,一个是永磁体安装的可控制性。在移动方式上我们选择了履带式的结构,并通过履带作为永磁体的载体,它们将会随着履带的移动而移动,从而要考虑磁体的吸附方式,要保证吸附力强度的稳定性,同时又不能影响机器人的移动。我们通过ANSYS软件来对永磁体的四周进行分析与研究,从而了解它们的磁性特征,便于我们更有效的利用永磁体。我们将永磁体分布在履带上,从而便于磁体的吸附,这样的设计有利于控制机器人的稳定性,并且缩短了永磁体和壁面之间的距离。为了解决履带应力集中的问题,我么找两个电机作为履带的驱动,从而分别控制两个履带,不但解决了机器人的移动问题,还解决了转向问题。更利于机器人的控制。同时考虑到机器人作业的环境不同,我们分析了机器人的履带松紧度,并采用最常见的履带转向控制方向,采用后轮驱动方式。
在机器人载重方面,我们考虑了机器人的自重,加上设计的载重从而确定履带式永磁体的数量与强度,并且针对履带设计了一种简单了控制结构,从而控制使用的履带数量。并且能加强对机器人机动性的把控,从而更好的操控机器人。另外为了解决机器人工作状态和停止状态的切换而设计了一种吸附力强度控制装置,通过研究永磁体的磁路方式,而解决这个问题。通过对永磁体强度的控制从而使机器人在完成作业后能便于拆卸。
本文将从永磁体,移动方式,机构件,控制方法等多个方面展开研究与设计,并通过AUTOCAD将设计图纸全方位展现出来。
关键词:永磁体;移动方式;设计方案;履带机构设计
ABSTRACT
The source of permanent magnet type wall climbing robot using permanent magnet as absorbent, so in the track will be installed around a small magnet permanent magnet lot, through the adsorption force of the magnetic blocks of longevity, to make the robot can be adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic block, the adsorption force is different have a strong adsorption force, through the magnetic block to control the robot adsorption on the surface of an object, and the magnetic block is mainly placed in the track, and complete freedom to move through the track. So the adsorption capacity of the magnetic block we should focus on the research and analysis, and to track the movement and bearing capacity, and its structure and characteristics will become the focus of our research.
The permanent magnet we focus on several aspects, one is the permanent magnet adsorption force and stability, a permanent magnet is installed control. In a mobile way we select the structure of crawler, and through the track as the carrier of the permanent magnet, they will move with the moving track, and to consider the adsorption of the magnet, to ensure the stability of adsorption strength, while not moving the robot. We use ANSYS software to the surrounding permanent magnet is analyzed, so as to understand their magnetic characteristics, we can make more effective use of permanent magnets. We will permanent magnet distribution on the track, in order to facilitate the adsorption of the magnet, this design is conducive to the stability control of the robot, and reduced between the permanent magnet and the wall distance. In order to solve the track stress concentration problem, we find two motor as driving track, which respectively control the two track, not only solve the problem of mobile robot, but also solves the problem of steering. More conducive to robot control. At the same time considering the robot working environment is different, we analyzed the robot track tightness, and the most common track steering control direction, the rear wheel drive mode.
In the robot truck, we consider the weight of the robot, together with the design of the load to determine the number and strength of track type permanent magnet, and the crawler designed a simple control structure, so as to control the number of the track. This can further increase the robot flexible control performance. In order to solve the switch working state and stop state of the robot and designs an adsorption strength control device, byway of research on magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet, and solve the problem. Through the control of the permanent magnet strength so that the robot can be conveniently dismounted after the completion of the operation.
This article from the permanent magnet, moving mode, mechanism, research and design a control method, and the AUTOCAD will show a full range of design drawings
.
Key words: Permanent magnet ;Mode of motion ;Design scheme ;Track mechanism design
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 磁吸附机器人的应用背景 1
1.2 爬壁机器人的分类 1
1.3 磁吸附机器人当前研究概况 1
1.4 永磁吸附履带式爬壁机器人的特点 2
第二章 永磁吸附履带式爬壁机器人永磁体单位设计与分析 3
2.1 吸附单元结构及工作原理 3
2.2 吸附单元吸附能力分析 4
2.3 本章小结 5
第三章 永磁吸附履带式爬壁机器人动力学机构设计与分析 5
3.1 机器人运动机构设计 5
3.1.1 履带平面力学分析 5
3.1.2 带轮传动布置设计 6
3.1.3 两种驱动电机 7
3.1.4 电机驱动能力的分析 7
3.1.5 减速器的选择 9
3.2 机器人其他机构设计 10
3.2.1 履带机构设计 10
3.2.2 履带张紧机构设计 11
3.3 本章小结 12
第四章 永磁式吸附履带式爬壁机器人的控制系统简单介绍 14
第五章 结束语 15
致 谢 16
参考文献 17
附录 18
第一章 绪论
1.1 磁吸附机器人的应用背景
随着时代的进步和发展,各个行业和领域都在迅速的发展,其中尤为突出的行业之一当属机器人技术了。我们这次的课题所涉及的正是机器人领域之一的爬壁机器人。
爬壁机器人是可以在一定高的高度进行极限工作的智能化机械装置,突出特点是可以在垂直壁面上自由移动,从而完成诸这些比如喷漆、喷丸、检测缺陷之类高空作业。
剩余内容已隐藏,请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:14923字