论文总字数：22553字

摘 要

目前，人类赖以生存发展的化石能源是有限的，而且它的消耗会对环境产生污染。太阳能作为一种取之不尽、用之不竭的清洁可再生能源，近年来受到了越来越多的重视。开发具有实用价值的低成本、髙效率、高稳定性的太阳能聚光器，是提高太阳能辐射能流密度最有效的途径，能够进一步促进太阳能的广泛应用。而传统聚光器，如槽式、碟式和塔式太阳能聚光器，在加工、安装维护，或聚光能流密度均匀性等方面均存在一定的缺点。

因此，本文在传统聚光器的基础上，提出了一种新型线性菲涅耳反射太阳能聚光器，一种分频聚光光伏光热综合利用系统，展了相关理论和实验研究。

首先，提出了新型线性菲涅耳玻璃镜面反射聚光器的结构设计原理。该系统主要包括三个部分，反射玻璃镜面、平板框架以及聚光接收体。条形玻璃镜面的宽度和倾斜角度随自身所处位置、聚光接受体形状尺寸和安放角度以及是否考虑太阳入射光立体角影响等因素确定，并给出了公式。数值分析表明聚光接收器为平板型时，其安装角度对理论聚光比和面积利用率的影响不大。

其次，建立了线性菲涅耳玻璃镜面反射聚光器实验系统。计算地面聚光器的角度和位置，利用SolTrace进行模拟。结果得出该聚光系统的总集热效率可达到72%。

最后，在线性菲涅耳聚光反射太阳能聚光器的基础上,提出了一种聚光分光光伏光热综合利用系统。在集热器一侧加入PV电池，吸收集热管反射的光，从而大大降低了太阳电池的废热负荷。对PV电池的位置进行调试，使其效率最高。并模拟计算一年12个月，每月1号12点系统的热效率，并进行比较和总结。

关键词：太阳能 菲涅耳反射聚光 光伏应用 光热应用 分光系统

The design of solar condenser Photovoltaic/Thermal system based on triangle collectors

Abstract

At present, fossil energy source which is limit,and it’s consumption will pollute the enviroment. Solar energy is inexhaustible, clean and renewable, has captured more and more attention in recent years.Developing a solar concentrator with low cost,high efficiency and stability is the most promising approach to improve the density of solar radiation and can promote the utilization of solar energy.Traditional solar concentrators in the form of trough, dish or tower exist certain defects in manufacture, installation and maintain, or the uniformity of the concentrated solar energy.

On the basis of the traditional one, this thesis proposed a new linear fresnel reflector solar concentrator, a hybrid solar concentrating Photovoltaic/Thermal (CPV/T) system with beam splitting technique.

Firstly,the construction and the design principle of the new linear fresnel reflector solar concentrator were proposed.This concentrator contains three parts; reflective glass mirrors,flat frame and concentrated solar receiver.The specified width and slope angle of each mirror are determined by its position, the width and the slope angle of solar receiver, and the solar cone.A dimensionless model was developed for the performance analysis of the concentrating system. For a flat-panel receiver, its installation angle has a neglectable effect on the theoretical concentration ratio and the area utilization ratio.

Secondly, an experimental system of the proposed linear fresnel reflector solar concentrator was developed.Calculate the angle and position of the collectors，and use SolTrace to simulate.The results obtained in the condenser system's total collectio，efficiency can reach 72%.

Finally,a hybridsolar concentrating PV/thermal (CPV/T) system with beam splitting technique was proposed based on the linear fresnel reflector solar concentrator.Instal a PV cell in the side of the condenser,it absorbs the solar energy reflected by the condenser.Thus, the waste heat load of solar cells would be much reduced.Debugging the position of PV cells to make the highest efficiency and simulating and calculating the thermal efficiency of system in 12 months every year at 12 o’clock of first day of the month,to compare and conclude.

Key Words: solar energy,Fresnel reflector concentrator,PV utilization,thermal utilization,system with beam splitter

目录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2 太阳能利用概述 2

1.3太阳能聚光方式 5

1.4线性菲涅耳太阳能反射聚光器 9

1.5本文研究内容 10

第2章平板型线性菲涅耳太阳能反射聚光器理论分析 12

2.1平板型线性菲涅耳太阳能反射聚光器 12

2.1.1聚光器简介 12

2.1.2聚光器设计 13

第3章 聚光器光学模型建立与分析 16

3.1 SolTrace软件简介 16

3.2建立模型 18

第4章 系统优化分析 21

4.1加入PV电池的分光设计 21

4.2计算太阳光入射矢量 22

4.3计算系统辐射效率和聚光比 23

第5章 结论与展望 25

5.1结论 25

5.2展望 25

参考文献 26

致谢 30

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