摘 要

近年来，随着温室效应和环境污染的愈加严重以及能源危机的到来，清洁能源逐渐走向了大众的视野，以纯电动汽车为代表的新能源汽车已经开始广泛应用于城市交通。目前国内的很多城市都已将公交车、物流车、出租车等公共交通及运输车辆换成了纯电动汽车，但纯电动汽车的续航问题一直是制约其更进一步发展的主要因素，氢燃料电池汽车便走向了人们的视野。其拥有和传统燃油汽车一样的续航里程和短暂的加注时间，同时又有清洁环保的优势。与此同时，为了满足氢燃料电池汽车加氢需求，加氢站的建设也在蓬勃发展。目前国内氢燃料电池汽车的规模相对较小，目前的加氢站还能满足需求，在未来氢燃料电池汽车越来越多的情况下，就要建设新的加氢站来满足加氢需求。而不当的加氢站选址将严重影响加氢网络的运行以及氢燃料电池汽车的发展前景。因此，如何用科学而系统的理论对加氢站进行选址是目前亟待解决的问题。

对于目前国内的加氢站选址来说还缺乏相关的建设经验和文献参考，同时国内的氢燃料电池汽车数量相对国外也相对较少，国外的理论与模型并不适用于目前的中国氢燃料电池汽车市场。由于氢燃料电池汽车技术还不是十分成熟，会率先在专用车上进行使用。因此本文在查阅收集了大量的国内外文献资料的基础上针对氢燃料电池汽车未来的商业化发展方向进行了分析，然后分析了氢燃料电池物流车的发展现状与前景，对我国物流行业的现状进行了研究并对氢燃料电池物流车的规模进行了预测，采用了定性分析法在概念方面阐述了加氢站的选址原则、影响因素及选址流程并对物流车用加氢站进行了实例选址。

本文的研究基于相关理论及国内实际情况，对于氢燃料电池汽车在物流行业的运用具有一定的参考价值，对物流企业专用加氢站的选址具有一定的实际指导意义，可供未来在实际的选址工作中起到一定的辅助作用。

关键词：氢燃料电池汽车；物流；加氢站；选址

Abstract

In recent years, the greenhouse effect and environmental pollution becomes more and more serious and the energy crisis has come. Clean energy has gradually come to the public's perspective. New energy vehicles represented by electric vehicles have begun to be widely used in urban transportation. At present, many cities in China have replaced public transport and transportation vehicles such as buses, logistics vehicles, and taxis with electric vehicles. However, the issue of battery life for electric vehicles has been a major factor restricting their further development. Hydrogen fuels Battery cars have come to people's perspective. It has the same cruising range and short refueling time as conventional fuel vehicles, and it does not emit exhaust gas. It is clean and environmentally friendly. At the same time, in order to meet the hydrogen demand of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the construction of hydrogen refueling stations is also booming. At present, the size of domestic hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is relatively small, and the current hydrogen refueling stations can meet the demand. In the future, more and more hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will have to build new hydrogen refueling stations to meet the refueling requirements. Improper refueling station location will seriously affect the operation of the hydrogenation network and the development prospects of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Therefore, how to use scientific and systematic theory to select sites for hydrogen refueling stations is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

For the current domestic hydrogen refueling station site selection, there is still a lack of relevant construction experience and literature references. At the same time, the number of domestic hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is also relatively small compared to foreign countries. The foreign theory and models do not apply to the current Chinese hydrogen fuels. Battery auto market. As the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle technology is not yet mature, it will take the lead in the use of special vehicles. Therefore, this article analyzes the future commercial development direction of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles based on the collection of a large number of domestic and foreign literature data, and then analyzes the development status and prospects of hydrogen fuel cell logistics vehicles, and the status of China's logistics industry. A study was conducted and the scale of the hydrogen fuel cell logistics vehicle was forecasted. Qualitative analysis was used to conceptualize the location principle, influencing factors, and site selection procedures for the hydrogen refueling station and the hydrogen refueling station for the logistics vehicle was carried out. Instance location.

The research in this paper is based on relevant theories and domestic actual conditions. It has certain reference value for the use of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the logistics industry and has certain practical significance for the site selection of dedicated hydrogen refueling stations for logistics companies. Site selection plays a supporting role.

Keywords: hydrogen fuel cell vehicle; logistics; hydrogen refueling station;location

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第1章 绪论 1

1.1课题研究的背景及意义 1

1.2国内外加氢站建设现状 2

1.3国内外研究现状 3

1.4研究的主要内容 3

第2章 氢燃料电池汽车商业化发展前景分析 5

2.1氢气相关研究 5

2.1.1氢气基本性质 5

2.1.2氢气相对于其他燃料的优越性 5

2.1.3全球氢气产业发展现状 6

2.2氢燃料电池汽车发展分析 7

2.2.1氢燃料电池汽车发展意义 7

2.2.2氢燃料电池汽车发展政策支持 8

2.3氢燃料电池汽车商业化前景分析 9

2.3.1氢燃料电池汽车商业化发展前景 9

2.3.2氢燃料电池物流车发展现状 10

2.4本章小结 13

第3章 氢燃料电池物流车规模分析 14

3.1氢燃料电池物流车未来市场预测 14

3.1.1中国物流产业现状分析 14

3.1.2 氢燃料电池物流车未来市场预测 16

3.2氢燃料电池物流车规模分析 17

3.3本章小结 24

第4章 加氢站选址布局规划分析 26

4.1加氢站选址布局规划原则 26

4.2加氢站选址影响因素 27

4.3加氢站选址流程 29

4.4实例分析 29

4.4.1背景介绍 29

4.4.2氢燃料电池物流车加氢站选址 30

4.4本章小结 34

第5章 总结与展望 35

5.1总结 35

5.2展望 36

参考文献 37

致 谢 39

第1章 绪论

1.1课题研究的背景及意义

随着世界各国对环境保护的认识不断提高，各国都开始对减少温室气体排放达成共识，纷纷颁布了限制尾气排放等降低碳排放的措施，并提出了在2020年后碳排放量要降低多少的目标。自21世纪以来，随着科学技术的发展和人民对生活品质的进一步追求，越来越多的家庭购买了汽车，甚至不止购买一台。目前汽车尾气已成为大气污染的主要来源之一，传统的内燃机车辆难以解决燃油短缺和污染物排放减少的问题。因此，为了实现节能减排的目标，各国提倡将逐步减少传统燃油汽车汽车的生产转而研发以电能与氢能为动力的新能源汽车来达到减少甚至消除二氧化碳等温室气体的排放，来避免大气污染的进一步恶化。而在新能源汽车中，燃料电池汽车因其高能量转换效率和无污染特性而受到广泛关注。

自20世纪末以来，中国一直在寻求如何对能源消费进行改革。一方面是研发新能源战略，避免能源危机的影响。另一方面也是降低中国物流业的整体成本，尤其是交通运输行业的能源消耗成本。在分析中国物流与采购联合会2017年上半年物流业务情况时指出，今年上半年，中国社会物流总成本达到5.6万亿元，而物流运输成本占总成本的51.7％。而燃料电池汽车做为新型的清洁能源，既有能量密度大的优势，又不产生污染物，可以完美替代物流业运输环节的石油燃料。