摘 要

露天矿开采在我国经济发展方面具有十分重要的作用，但随着设备自动化、机械化的程度在矿山生产中不断提高，露天矿要着重解决的就是合理优化调度运输设备问题。因此，发展以优化露天矿采矿车辆调度与生产管理的采矿车辆调度系统至关重要，已迫切成为我国露天矿的现实需求。露天矿卡车调度系统的核心就是卡车调度方案，方案设计的合

理性是关键，它直接影响到露天矿的生产效率和矿山的经济效益^[1]。

但是我们要知道没有一个矿山的矿石质量分布是均匀的，为了保证选矿厂的正常生产需要，以得到良好的技术经济指标，就有必要对矿石的质量指标进行均衡部署。搞好配矿工作的优点多多，矿山生产最看重的两个就是资源的合理利用和增大经济效益。就是有助于确保供给选矿厂矿石质量的均衡，有助于提高选矿效率，降低矿山运行成本，为

的合理利用，为维持矿山正常生产提供有利条件；提高贫矿石的利用率，有助于增加矿山的经济收入，延长矿山服务年限；还能够做到供矿的合理均衡。因此，搞好配矿工作、提

本文就基于配矿需求，随着露天矿企业的实际生产情况相结合，为车辆调度系统的研究露天矿模型算法，设计露天矿采矿车辆调度系统，具体研究工作如下：

（1）露天矿汽车运输调度系统研究现状分析。卡车优化调度系统是露天矿车辆运输

信技术、信息采集技术得到了飞速发展。

（2）建立矿体模型和配矿优化模型。采用人工作图智能模拟原理、矿体圈定时的上向包容原理等理论，组成建模理论来构建矿体模型，建立起符合矿山实际生产情况的矿体模型。然后再根据矿山实际的生产特点、生产状况和市场条件，建立矿山配矿优化模型。

（3）建立基于配矿需求的露天矿汽车运输调度模型。根据露天矿的实际生产要求情况，建立车辆调度路径优化模型、车流规划模型和实时调度模型。

（4）基于配矿需求的运输调度系统的露天优化。根据该模型以前建立的露天矿汽车运输调度系统的整体研究，并将露天矿车辆调度系统模型在洛阳栾川钼业集团三道庄露天矿进行实施研究，对其进行了分析。

关键词：露天矿，配矿，车辆调度，数学规划，优化建模

Abstract

Opencast mining has a very important role in China's economic construction, but with the automated mining equipment, and constantly improve the degree of mechanization, how to optimize the scheduling transportation equipment to become open-pit mine to focus on solving problems. Therefore, the development is essential to optimize Opencast mining vehicle scheduling and production management of the mining vehicle scheduling system has become an urgent practical needs of surface mine. Core surface mine truck dispatch system is truck scheduling program, program design is reasonable or not directly affect the economic benefits of open-pit mining and transportation equipment production efficiency of enterprises.

But any one of mine ore is always uneven mass distribution, in order to ensure normal production needs concentrator, good technical and economic indicators, it must be balanced deployment of ore quality index, which is the ore. Well ore work benefits, the two most critical is the rational use of resources and increase economic benefits. Specifically, it will help to ensure a balanced supply of quality ore concentrator, beneficiation help improve efficiency and reduce mining costs and create more economic benefits for the enterprise; there are plans to part with depleted ore so as to achieve economic use of standard industrial to promote the rational utilization of mineral resources, in order to maintain normal production of mine to provide favorable conditions; improve the utilization of depleted ore mine help increase income, extend the mine life; also be able to achieve a reasonable balance for mine. Therefore, improving ore mine for improving the quality of work has a very important significance for mining enterprises.

In this paper, based on ore demand, combined with the actual production situation of Opencast mining enterprises, research Opencast mining model algorithm for vehicle scheduling system designed Opencast mining vehicle scheduling system, specific work is as follows:

(1) Open Pit Study Situation transportation scheduling system. Vehicle Scheduling System is one of the key technologies of motor transport Opencast reach the world advanced level. Today, computer technology, satellite positioning technology, wireless communication technology, information collection technology has been rapid development, to optimize the implementation of the truck dispatch system to provide technical support sophisticated hardware system.

(2) the establishment of orebody modeling and ore optimization model. FIG intelligent simulation work using human principle, when the ore body delineation to the principles of tolerance, open - closed environment orebody delineation principle theory, composition orebody modeling theory to build models, established in line with the actual mining of ore body model and according to the actual characteristics of mining production, production conditions and market conditions, and establish ore mine optimization model.

(3) the establishment of an Open-based scheduling model ore demand. According to the actual situation of open-pit mine, the establishment of open-pit mine vehicle scheduling route optimization model, traffic planning model and real-time scheduling model.

Research

(4) optimize the open pit ore demand scheduling system based on car transport. According to the model to be established before an Open scheduling system overall research and vehicle scheduling system model used in open-pit mine in Luoyang Luanchuan Molybdenum Group Sandaozhuang mine, and the results were analyzed strengths and weaknesses of the model.

Key words: open pit mine, ore blending, vehicle scheduling, mathematical programming, optimization modeling

目录

1绪论 1

1.1课题研究背景及意义 1

1.1国内外露天矿汽车运输调度系统研究分析 2

1.1.1国外研究现状分析 2

1.1.2国内研究现状分析 3

1.2论文的研究内容 3

2露天矿车辆调度理论 5

2.1露天矿卡车调度概述 5

2.2露天矿卡车调度的工作原理 5

2.3露天矿卡车调度内容 6

3矿石配矿模型的建立 7

3.1矿体建模理论 7

3.2建立矿体模型 9

3.3配矿模型的建立 10

3.3.1配矿步骤方法 10

3.3.2配矿问题的简化模型 10

4基于最短路径的露天矿山车辆调度算法研究 13

4.1道路模型的建立 13

4.2最短路径算法 14

4.2.1Dijkstra算法 14

4.2.2Floyd算法 17

5露天矿车流规划模型 19

5.1模型目标分析 19

5.2车流规划模型的建立 20

6卡车实时调度模型 22

6.1优化调度准则综述 23

6.2遗传算法简介 24

6.2.1遗传算法基本思想 24

6.2.2遗传算法原理 24

6.2.3遗传算法的运算过程 25

6.2.4卡车实时调度遗传算法求解 25

6.3卡车实时调度动态规划模型的建立 26

6.3.1卡车调度系统模型设计 27

7应用案例 29

7.1洛钼集团简介 29

7.1.2栾川钼业集团公司露天矿实际情况 29

7.2车流模型应用 30

7.2.1符号约定 30

7.2.2约束条件分析 31

7.3求解最佳派车方案 33

结论 38

参考文献 39

致谢 42

1绪论

1.1课题研究背景及意义

露天矿是一个大型的生产体系，集采掘和运输为一体，这里面以采掘为中心，运输

实时调度传输设备部署开展。调度通信部署的合理与否，将直接决定了生产效率和露天矿井生产系统的经济效益。有很多弊端，人工调度，如实时控制是不容易收获，运输设备