论文总字数：17724字

摘 要

随着测绘行业中技术的发展，测量仪器日趋走向智能化。全站仪就是集测角、量边于一体的新型自动化测量仪器，也正因此，全站仪在测量工作中得到了广泛的应用。然而，无论从仪器本身还是实际操作中都存在着种种误差。本文从全站仪测距工作原理出发，通过相关实验求取测距加常数和乘常数，结合全站仪自身标称精度进行精度分析。从全站仪测角工作原理出发，通过相关实验求取测角中误差，结合全站仪自身测角中误差进行精度分析。本文还对有无棱镜产生的影响进行了相关的实验，包括反射体的材质、颜色及入射角度等方面对测距的影响。通过研究讨论分析说明全站仪测距、测角功能的稳定性与可靠性及有棱镜无法比拟的优越性和先进性。

关键词：全站仪 精度分析 数据分析

Analysis of measured accuracy of total station

ABSTRACT

With the development of technology in the surveying and mapping industry, the measuring instrument is becoming more and more intelligent. The total station instrument is a new type of automatic measuring instrument, which integrates the angle measurement and the measuring edge. However, no matter from the instrument itself or the actual operation, there are all kinds of errors. Based on the working principle of the total station instrument, this paper makes an analysis of the accuracy of the total station instrument by using the correlation test to get the range and constant and the multiplication constant. Based on the principle of the total station instrument, the error in the angle measurement is obtained by the correlation experiment, and the error is analyzed in the angle error of the total station instrument. The paper discusses the influence on whether have a prism, comprises a reflector material, color and incident angle on the measurement of the influence. The stability and reliability of the total station instrument and the function of the angle measurement are discussed and analyzed, and the superiority and the advanced nature of the prism can not be compared.

Key Words: Total Station, Precision analysis, Data analysis

目 录

摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 选题的背景、目的、意义……………………………………………………………1

1.2 国内外研究的状况和结果……………………………………………………………1

1.3 全站仪的介绍…………………………………………………………………………2

1.4 全站仪的发展前景……………………………………………………………………2

第二章 全站仪测距原理与精度分析…………………………………………………3

2.1全站仪的测距原理和仪器的结构……………………………………………………3

2.1.1全站仪测距的原理………………………………………………………………3

2.1.2全站仪的仪器构成………………………………………………………………4

2.2全站仪工程中的应用…………………………………………………………………6

2.3全站仪的测距误差分析………………………………………………………………7

2.3.1乘常数……………………………………………………………………………8

2.3.2加常数……………………………………………………………………………9

第三章 免棱镜全站仪实测精度分析………………………………………………11

3.1免棱镜全站仪的概念………………………………………………………………11

3.1.1免棱镜全站仪测距原理………………………………………………………11

3.2精度分析……………………………………………………………………………11

3.2.1免棱镜对不同材质的比较……………………………………………………11

3.2.2不同颜色对测距的影响………………………………………………………12

3.2.3不同入射角对测距精度的影响………………………………………………12

3.3边角点测距精度实验………………………………………………………………13

3.4距离对实测的影响…………………………………………………………………15

3.5碎步实测……………………………………………………………………………15

3.6免棱镜全站仪在其它领域的应用…………………………………………………16

3.7 实验结论……………………………………………………………………………17

3.8全站仪使用中注意的问题…………………………………………………………17

结 论…………………………………………………………………………………………19

参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………………20

致 谢…………………………………………………………………………………………21

第一章 绪论

1.1选题的背景、目的、意义

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