阳离子捕收剂泡沫稳定性的调控研究毕业论文
2021-06-30 21:15:09
摘 要
在矿物开采加工中资源的特点主要是贫细杂,需要细磨才能实现单体解离,之后常利用泡沫进行浮选达到富集、精选的目的。在浮选过程中,过稳定的泡沫容易夹带大量的脉石矿物,降低精矿品位。因此,研究泡沫稳定与消除的规律,成为长期以来研究的热点。
论文研究了浮选过程中泡沫稳定性的影响因素和调控方法,颗粒的形状、大小、浓度和疏水性是影响泡沫稳定性质的主要因素。合适的颗粒疏水性可以通过适当的表面改性或者吸附表面活性剂来实现。研究了夹带的机理研究、影响夹带的因素,夹带的测量方法及夹带的模型。研究了表面活性剂的协同作用。了解泡沫稳定性的测量方法和适用领域。
以绢云母为材料进行实验研究不同填充油条件下,绢云母累计品位与绢云母累积产率的关系,不同填充油条件下,脉石累计回收率与水累积回收率的关系,填充油的加入改变了水的回收率。水回收率往往与泡沫稳定性有关。因此,填充油除了可能改变气泡稳定性从而影响绢云母浮选中细粒脉石矿物的夹带。细粒脉石矿物也可以通过形成的絮体包覆回收。
在不加任何填充油的情况下,绢云母浮选最终品位为83.5%,浮选回收率只有25.1%。在煤油的作用下,绢云母的回收率显著增加。在600克/吨和1200克/吨煤油时,绢云母浮选回收率分别为45.5%和50.6%,同时浮选速率常数也得到了改善。在600克/吨PMHS的浮选过程中,绢云母回收率提高到46.4%。在1200克/吨PMHS的浮选过程中,绢云母回收率提高到56.2%。1800克/吨PMHS的浮选过程中,绢云母回收率和品位进一步提高到61.9%和85.4%。显然,细绢云母浮选中PMHS比煤油的作用效果更好。
关键词:絮凝浮选;填充油;夹带;泡沫稳定性
Abstract
In the process of mineral exploitation, the characteristics of the resources are mainly lean and fine, the need for fine grinding to achieve monomer dissociation, followed by foam flotation to achieve enrichment, select the purpose. In the flotation process, a stable foam easily a lot of gangue entrainment, decrease the concentrate grade. Therefore, the study of the law of foam stability and elimination has become a hot spot for a long time.
In this paper, the influence factors and control methods of foam stability in flotation process are studied. The shape, size, concentration and hydrophobicity of the particles are the main factors affecting the stability of foam. Appropriate particle hydrophobicity can be achieved by appropriate surface modification or adsorption of surfactants. The mechanism of entrainment is studied, the factors that influence the entrainment, the measurement method and the model of entrainment are studied. The synergistic effect of surfactants was studied. Understanding of the measurement methods and application areas of foam stability.
Of Sericite as materials for experimental study of different filling oil, sericite cumulative grade and sericite cumulative yield relationship, different filling oil, gangue cumulative recovery of rate and water recovery rate the relationship between cumulative, filling oil is changed by adding water recycling rate. The recovery rate of water is often related to the stability of foam. Therefore, in addition to filling oil may change the stability and influence of fine bubbles entrained gangue minerals sericite in flotation. Fine grained gangue minerals can also through floc forming the coating recovery.
In the case of without any filling oil, sericite flotation final grade of 83.5%, the flotation recovery rate is only 25.1%. The recovery rate of sericite in under the action of kerosene and increased significantly. The 600 g/ton and 1200 g/m/kerosene, sericite flotation recovery rate were 45.5% and 50.6% respectively, at the same time, the flotation rate constant is also improved. In the flotation process of 600 g/ton PMHS, sericite recovery increased to 46.4%. In the flotation process of 1200 g/ton PMHS, sericite recovery increased to 56.2%. 1800 g/t PMHS flotation process, sericite recovery and grade further raised to 61.9% and 61.9%. Obviously, fine PMHS sericite flotation is better than the effect of kerosene.
Key Words:Floc-flotation ;extender oil; entrainment;froth stability
目 录
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的及意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状 1
1.4研究内容 2
1.4.1.研究浮选过程中泡沫稳定性的影响因素和调控方法 2
1.4.2夹带 3
1.4.2.1 夹带的机理研究 3
1.4.2.2 影响夹带的因素 4
1.4.2.3 夹带的测量方法 5
1.4.2.4 夹带的模型 6
1.4.3 表面活性剂的协同效应 7
1.4.4了解泡沫稳定性的测量方法和适用领域 7
1.4.5研究泡沫稳定性的调控方法 9
1.5预期目标 9
第2章 试验 10
2.1材料 10
2.2试剂 11
2.3方法 11
2.3.1浮选 11
2.3.2傅里叶变换红外测量 11
2.3.3接触角测量 11
2.3.4显微镜分析絮体 12
2.3.5泡沫稳定性的测量 12
2.4结果 12
2.4.1浮选性能 12
2.4.2绢云母形成絮体机理 14
2.4.3泡沫稳定性测量 16
2.5机理分析 16
第三章 结论 18
参考文献 19
致 谢 20
第1章 绪 论
1.1研究背景
在矿物开采加工中资源的特点主要是贫细杂,需要细磨才能实现单体解离,之后常利用泡沫进行浮选达到富集、精选的目的。在浮选过程中,过稳定的泡沫容易夹带大量的脉石矿物,降低精矿品位。因此,研究泡沫稳定与消除的规律,成为长期以来研究的热点。
1.2研究目的及意义
泡沫的稳定性是指泡沫形成以后的持久性,就是泡沫的“寿命”的长短。泡沫的寿命的长短主要决定在两条,一是液膜的性质,是否能保持一定的强度,是否能保持一个比较慢速的排液的速度,是否能对抗来自外界的各种影响以保持不变;二是气体穿过液膜的扩散,气泡间的合并。
颗粒稳定泡沫的机理日益完善,主要包含下面三个方面:颗粒在气/液界面达成吸附膜,会抬高泡沫的聚并和歧化稳定性;颗粒在气泡间的薄液膜内形成层状结构,会提高泡沫的排液稳定性,同时还会加大最大毛细管压力提高气泡的聚并稳定性;有时气泡颗粒的桥连作用,也会大大提高泡沫的稳定性[1]。