摘 要

石墨是天然存在的结晶碳多晶型物中最常见的一种形式，其具有许多独特而优良的物理和化学性质，如耐火性、高热和导电性、油脂性、高耐热性、惰性和易溶于铁。石墨具有金属和非金属的特性。这些独特的性能使其主要用于焊条、脱硫剂、饰面、润滑、耐火材料、标记仪器、电气产品、电池、制动衬片、轴承、导电涂层、坩埚、电极和油漆。随着时代的变迁、社会的发展以及科技的进步，在未来的新纪元将会有源源不断的新材料问世并被应用在各行各业当中，石墨——这一具有独特物理化学性质的特殊材料也不例外。由于石墨的泛用性能很强，它的应用领域也会继续不断拓宽。就目前的科技前沿而讲，原有的复合材料已经不太能满足和解决当前人类所在科研任务当中遇到的问题，为此要应用到新型的复合材料。而石墨则是构成这些新型复合材料的核心骨料之一，对于生产新型复合材料有着功不可没的效果，因此在国民经济中具有不可忽视的重要作用。

设计根据提供的选别方案和数据，针对于年处理量为60万吨的石墨选矿厂，拟定出了相应的选矿工艺流程。石墨选矿厂的破碎筛分和磨矿浮选环节分别采用三段一闭路和一粗六精两扫选的工艺流程。将中矿部分集中返回至再磨，其余合并进行单独扫选。石墨矿经过以上工艺流程后，品位由11.06%提高为94.00%。由任务书及初始条件给定的数据分别计算出产量、产率、品位、回收率、水量、补加水量、矿浆体积等，以此为依据初步选定各选矿设备规格及数量。之后，便可画出设计所需的系列图纸，最后完成相关技术经济分析说明、环境保护和安全生产说明。

关键词：石墨矿，选厂设计，说明，选型，可行性分析

Abstract

Graphite is the most common form of naturally occurring crystalline carbon polymorphs. It has many unique and excellent physical and chemical properties, such as fire resistance, high heat and electrical conductivity, greasiness, high heat resistance, inertness and easy solubility in iron. Graphite has the characteristics of metal and nonmetal. These unique properties make them mainly used for welding rods, desulfurizers, finishes, lubrication, refractory materials, marking instruments, electrical products, batteries, brake linings, bearings, conductive coatings, crucibles, electrodes and paints. With the changes of the times, the development of the society and the progress of science and technology, there will be a steady stream of new materials coming out and being applied in all walks of life in the new era. Graphite, a special material with unique physical and chemical properties, is no exception. Due to its strong versatility, graphite will continue to expand its application fields. As far as the current scientific and technological frontier is concerned, the original composite materials are not able to meet and solve the problems encountered in the current scientific research tasks of human beings. Therefore, they should be applied to new composite materials. Graphite is one of the core aggregates of these new composite materials, which plays an important role in the production of new composite materials and therefore plays an important role in the national economy.

According to the sorting scheme and data provided, the design has drawn up the corresponding beneficiation process for the graphite concentrator with an annual processing capacity of 600,000 tons. The crushing and screening process and grinding and flotation process of graphite concentrator adopt three sections and one closed circuit process and one coarse and six fine and two scavenging process respectively. Concentrate the middling part back to regrinding, and merge the rest for separate scavenging. After the above technological process, the grade of graphite ore is increased from 11.06% to 94.00%. Based on the data given in the task book and initial conditions, the output, yield, grade, recovery rate, water volume, supplementary water volume, pulp volume, etc. are calculated respectively, and on this basis, the specifications and quantity of each beneficiation equipment are preliminarily selected. After that, a series of drawings required for the design can be drawn, and finally relevant technical and economic analysis instructions, environmental protection and safety production instructions can be completed.

Key words: graphite ore, plant design, description, type selection, feasibility analysis

目录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 毕业设计依据 1

1.2矿石的性质 1

1.3选矿概况 1

1.3.1 选矿厂车间工作制度 1

表1.1 选矿厂工作制度 1

1.3.2 选矿厂主要经济技术指标 1

1.4流程图 2

第2 章 选矿厂设计步骤与方法 3

2.1设计步骤 3

2.2 设计方法 3

2.3 主要工艺指标的确定与计算 3

2.3.1 破碎流程的计算 3

2.3.2 磨矿浮选流程的计算 4

2.3.3 矿浆流程的计算 7

第3 章 主要设备的选择计算 10

3.1 碎筛设备的选型 11

3.1.1 粗碎 11

3.1.2筛分设备的选择与计算 12

3.2 磨矿分级设备的选择与计算 12

3.2.1 磨矿 12

3.2.2 分级设备的选择与计算 13

3.3 浮选设备的选择计算 14

3.3.1 浮选机的选择与计算 14

3.3.2 搅拌槽的选择与计算 15

第4 章 辅助设备的选择与计算 16

4.1 矿仓的选择与计算 17

4.2给料机的选择与计算 17

4.3皮带运输机的选择与计算 18

第5章 选厂技术经济分析 19

5.1基建费用 19

5.2选矿厂成本构成 19

第6章 环境保护 19

6.1地面水环境质量标准 20

6.2大气环境保护标准 20

6.3废渣的环境保护要求 20

6.4.温差规定 21

6.5工业企业噪声卫生标准 22

第7章 安全生产说明 23

7.1安全检查 23

7.2安全生产奖惩 23

7.3安全教育培训 23

7.4设备设施安全管理制度 24

第8章 设计图纸 25

参考文献 26

致谢 30

第1章 绪论

1.1 毕业设计依据

本设计主要以任务书、选矿厂设计、选矿设计手册为依据。

1.2矿石的性质

松散密度：1600

矿石可碎性：中等可碎性矿石

原矿液固比：0.02

1.3选矿概况

该石墨选矿厂的年原矿处理量为60万吨，破碎筛分段的工艺流程为三段一闭路，磨浮作业为一粗六精二扫选的选矿工艺，将中矿部分集中返回至再磨，其余合并进行单独扫选。主要车间有破碎筛分车间、磨矿浮选车间，辅助车间有脱水车间、供水、电等。

1.3.1 选矿厂车间工作制度