碳钢在有机酸清洗介质中的缓蚀试验研究毕业论文
2022-01-19 20:27:29
论文总字数:20664字
摘 要
本论文首先对目前冷却水系统开机前和运行过程中可能会产生的各种沉积物以及它们产生的原因进行了归纳,并对目前我国主要使用的各种清洗方式和清洗剂、缓蚀剂进行了系统的介绍,包括各种酸洗的原理和优缺点,并对它们的适用范围进行了总结。
本论文主要应用有机酸(采用柠檬酸和EDTA)作为碳钢材料的清洗剂,通过对碳钢挂片进行腐蚀试验,评价有机酸对碳钢材料的清洗效果以及缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能,开展有机酸清洗的缓蚀剂腐蚀试验,同时通过改变水质条件,观察不同温度下不同配比的清洗剂和缓蚀剂性能有何变化,通过重量差法对碳钢的腐蚀速率进行测量,定量评价用于有机酸清洗介质中的缓蚀剂,在研究基础之上,再测量两种有机酸的COD,与THOD进行比较,以此定量评价其化学稳定性。
关键词:有机酸 缓蚀剂 化学清 碳钢 失重法
Experimental study on corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in organic acid cleaning medium
Abstract
Today, with the acceleration of industrialization. Chemical cleaners are playing an increasingly important role in various fields of industry. Chemical cleaning has become an important part of industrial production. Firstly, this paper summarizes all kinds of sediments that may be produced before the startup and during the operation of the cooling water system and the reasons for their production, which shows the necessity of equipment cleaning, and introduces various cleaning methods, cleaning agents and corrosion inhibitors that are mainly used in China at present. Traditional inorganic acid cleaning is easy to corrode the metal matrix, resulting in increased costs. With the development of large-capacity large-scale units, the conventional inorganic acid pickling used in the factory at ordinary times increases the damage to these kinds of machinery, so chemical cleaning with organic acid occupies the main position in the pickling of large-scale units at present.
This thesis mainly used organic acids (proposed H3Cit and EDTA) as a cleaner of carbon steel material, through the study of the corrosion test of carbon steel bolt, evaluate the effect of organic acid cleaning of carbon steel materials, corrosion inhibitor corrosion test of organic acid cleaning, by changing the conditions of water quality at the same time, to observe the different ratio under different temperature of detergents and corrosion inhibitor performance if you have any change by weight difference method to measure the corrosion rate of carbon steel, used for quantitative evaluation of corrosion inhibitors of organic acid cleaning. At the same time, the two cleaning agents were dissolved and their stability was evaluated by measuring COD.
Key words: organic acid corrosion inhibitor chemical cleaning carbon steel weightlessness method.
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 前言 1
1.1.1研究的现实意义 1
1.1.2常见的沉积物种类以及造成的危害 2
1.1.3化学清洗剂的选择 2
1.2化学清洗的基本原理 3
1.2.1碱洗的基本原理 3
1.2.2酸清洗的基本原理 3
1.3无机酸的酸洗 3
1.3.1盐酸酸洗 3
1.3.2硫酸酸洗 4
1.3.3硝酸酸洗 4
1.3.4氢氟酸酸洗 4
1.4有机酸的酸洗 5
1.4.1柠檬酸(H3Cit)简介 5
1.4.2柠檬酸清洗机理 5
1.4.3柠檬酸清洗的优势 6
1.4.4 EDTA简介 6
1.4.5 EDTA清洗机理 6
1.4.6 EDTA清洗优势 7
1.5缓蚀机理及实验用缓蚀剂 7
1.5.1有机缓蚀剂的来源 7
1.5.2乌洛托品简介 7
1.5.3硫脲简介 8
1.5.4有机缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理 8
第二章 实验部分 9
2.1研究方案及分析方法 9
2.1.1实验方案 9
2.1.2结果分析方法 9
2.2实验仪器及药品 10
2.2.1实验仪器 10
2.2.2实验药品 10
2.3实验预处理 11
2.4实验一:室温下有机酸清洗碳钢挂片 11
2.4.1柠檬酸和EDTA溶液的配制 11
2.4.2缓蚀溶液配制 11
2.4.3实验方法 11
2.5实验二:加热条件下有机酸清洗碳钢挂片 12
2.5.1试验方法 12
2.6实验三:柠檬酸和EDTA的COD值测量 12
2.6.1研究意义 12
2.6.2实验原理 12
2.6.3试验方案 13
第三章 实验结果与讨论 14
3.1室温25℃下有机酸清洗碳钢挂片 14
3.1.1实验数据 14
3.1.2结果分析与讨论 16
3.2加热到60℃下有机酸清洗碳钢挂片 18
3.2.1实验结果 18
3.2.2结果分析 19
3.3柠檬酸和EDTA的COD值测量 20
3.3.1实验结果与分析 20
第四章 结论与展望 21
4.1结论 21
4.2展望 21
参考文献 22
致谢 25
绪论
前言
1.1.1研究的现实意义
工业生产中,有用到换热器或冷却水的地方,往往容易产生污垢的堆积,而这些系统所用的材料一般都是碳钢,而这种材料比起沉淀的污垢,其热导率要低很多,因此,如果有过多的污垢在金属表面发生堆积,热量就难以分散,影响系统正常应该有的散热效果[1]。不仅如此,污垢还会影响正常的水流通行,让水流变小,对冷却效果产生负面影响。
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