摘 要

随着电子技术的迅速发展，电气装置的应用非常广泛，则电气产物所必须的电池的供电系统则尤为重要。电池作为电气装置的重要部件，其性能和使用寿命直接关系到电气设备的性能。近年来被使用在市场的电池有镍镉电池、锂电池还有铅蓄电池。一款性能高、性能稳定、安全的充电器对于电池尤为重要。目前社会的发展离不开能源、环保问题，电动汽车成为这些年来快速发展的新型汽车，有着巨大的发展潜能。而电动汽车的发展还有一个很重要的问题，那就是车载的能源问题。以前汽车都是用汽油，产生了除影响环境外的各种各样的问题，我们把汽油改换成电池的化，要求电池有很高的性能，当然还要处理帮助充电的设施，因此做出一种既方便又有高效率的充电器是必不可少的。锂电池的研究和发展对于电动汽车的普及和推广具有重大意义。性能良好的车载充电机不仅能够减少对电网的谐波污染、延长汽车动力电池的使用寿命，本文依据充电器设计指标的要求，完成了充电器设计。锂电池充电器设计主要分为两方面：主电路设计和控制电路设计。其中主电路的设计部分由AC-DC电路构成。主要从拓扑选择、电路参数选取、控制电路设计三个方面进行设计。控制电路主要采用电压电流双闭环PI调节器，以实现锂电池的恒流恒压充电；其中采样电路主要设计了输入电压采样电路、输出电压电流采样电路和温度采样电路，保护电路包括过压保护，欠压保护，过流保护，短路保护，过温保护。

最后，分别利用SIMULINK仿真软件对所设计的PFC电路和以PI调节器为基础来控制开关管的AC-DC变换器进行了仿真验证。

关键词:动力电池；AC—DC充电器；电路设计；仿真验证

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第1章绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2电动汽车国内国外发展现状 1

1.3锂电池的充电特性方法 3

1.3.1 锂离子电池的发展 3

1.3.2磷酸铁锂电池的特点 3

1.3.3 磷酸铁锂电池的工作原理及结构 5

1.3.4 磷酸铁锂电池充电器的充电特性 5

1.3.5充电方法可行性分析 8

1.4.本文主要研究内容 10

第2章充电器主回路设计 11

2.1设计指标 11

2.2充电器总体方案设计 11

2.3 PFC电路设计 12

2.3.1方案选择 12

第3章 充电器控制系统电路设计 23

3.1采样电路设计 23

3.2保护电路设计 25

3.3充电控制电路的设计 26

3.3.1 PI调节器设计 26

3.4本章小结 31

第4章 电路仿真实验结果 33

4.1PFC电路的仿真及结果 33

总结 35

参考文献 37

致谢 38

Abstract

With the rapid development of electronic technology, electrical devices are widely used, so the battery power supply system necessary for electrical products is particularly important. As an important part of electrical equipment, the performance and service life of battery are directly related to the performance of electrical equipment. At present, the batteries used in the market are nickel-cadmium batteries, lead batteries and lithium batteries. A charger with high performance, stable performance and safety is particularly important for batteries. At present, the development of society is inseparable from the problems of energy and environmental protection. Electric vehicle has become a new type of vehicle with rapid development in recent years, which has a lot of room for development. The main problem restricting the development of electric vehicles is the problem of on-board energy. If we use power batteries instead of ordinary gasoline, we should not only upgrade the battery performance, but also solve the auxiliary charging equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to make a convenient, fast and efficient charger. The research and development of lithium battery is of great significance for the popularization and popularization of electric vehicles. The vehicle charger with good performance can not only reduce the harmonic pollution to the power grid and prolong the service life of the automobile power battery, but also improve the energy efficiency and reduce the environmental pollution. 
According to the requirements of charger design index, this paper completes the charger design. The design of lithium battery charger is mainly divided into two aspects: main circuit design and control circuit design. The design part of the main circuit is composed of AC-DC circuit. It is mainly designed from three aspects: topology selection, circuit parameter selection and control circuit design. The control circuit mainly adopts voltage and current double closed loop PI regulator to realize constant current and constant voltage charging of lithium battery, in which the sampling circuit mainly designs input voltage sampling circuit, output voltage and current sampling circuit and temperature sampling circuit. The protection circuit includes overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, overtemperature protection. 
Finally, the designed PFC circuit and the AC-DC converter based on PI regulator are simulated and verified by using SIMULINK simulation software.

key words: power battery; AC-DC charger；circuit design；simulation verification