论文总字数：19763字

摘 要

随着我国经济水平的飞速发展，我国家庭传统燃油汽车拥有量也随之飞速增加，它们大量消耗化石燃料并排放有毒气体，加剧了全球化石能源危机和环境污染问题，燃料电池电动汽车的出现很好的解决了上述问题。但燃料电池本身存在着输出特性较软，输出电压不稳定的缺点，这就需要DC/DC变换器对其性能进行调整，消除自身缺陷后给汽车供能。本文的主要内容如下：

首先以电路结构、损耗等为指标，对各类基本型DC/DC变换器进行了拓扑结构分析，并选择以交错并联Boost变换器为燃料电池功率变换电路；接着分析了交错并联Boost变换器的工作原理和电流纹波，并对交错并联Boost变换器电路中主要元器件的相关参数进行了分析计算和器件选型，包括开关器件IGBT、输入电感L和输出电容C；最后在Matlab仿真环境中运用Simulink模块对交错并联Boost变换器功率电路进行了系统仿真，测试了输入电流纹波，输出电压波形，输出电压纹波等，分析了本设计的合理性。

仿真结果表明，本毕设以交错并联Boost变换器作为燃料电池的DC/DC功率变换电路是合理的，它不仅有效降低了输入电流纹波，而且达到了输出电压纹波小于等于2%和输出电压值处于280～340V的要求。

关键词：燃料电池；DC/DC变换器；交错并联；纹波

Abstract

With the rapid development of China's economic level, the ownership of traditional fuel vehicles in China also increases rapidly. They consume a large amount of fossil fuels and emit toxic gases, exacerbating the global fossil energy crisis and environmental pollution. The emergence of fuel cell electric vehicles has solved the above problems well. However, the fuel cell itself has the disadvantages of soft output characteristics and unstable output voltage, which require the DC/DC converter to adjust its performance and supply energy to the vehicle after eliminating its own defects. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:

Firstly, based on the circuit structure and loss, the topological structure of various basic DC/DC converters is analyzed, and then selects the interleaving boost converter as the power conversion circuit of fuel cell. Then, the working principle and current ripple of the interleaving boost converter are analyzed, and the parameter calculation and device selection of the main components of the circuit are carried out, including switching device IGBT, input inductor L and output capacitor C. Finally, the system simulation of interleaving boost converter is carried out by Simulink simulation module in Matlab simulation environment, and the input current ripple, output voltage, output voltage ripple and so on are tested, and the rationality of the design is analyzed.

The simulation results show that it is reasonable to use the staggered parallel Boost converter as the DC/DC power conversion circuit of the fuel cell. It not only effectively reduces the input current ripple, but also meets the requirements of the output voltage ripple less than or equal to 2% and the output voltage between 280 and 340V.

Key Words：fuel cell；DC/DC converter；interleaving；ripple

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 研究现状 1

1.3 本文的主要研究内容 4

第2章 燃料电池DC/DC变换器拓扑结构选择 6

2.1 燃料电池输出特性分析 6

2.2 DC/DC变换器需求分析 6

2.3 基本型DC/DC变换器应用分析 7

2.4 交错并联Boost变换器应用分析 9

2.5 本章小结 10

第3章 交错并联Boost变换器电路分析与参数设计 11

3.1 交错并联Boost变换器电路分析 11

3.1.1 工作原理 11

3.1.2 电流纹波分析 14

3.2 交错并联Boost变换器参数计算 15

3.2.1 IGBT分析与选型 15

3.2.2 输入电感参数设计 16

3.2.3 输出电容参数计算 16

3.3 本章小结 17

第4章 交错并联Boost变换器功率电路仿真分析 18

4.1 仿真模型设计 18

4.2 仿真结果分析 18

4.3 本章小结 22

第5章 总结与展望 23

5.1 全文总结 23

5.2 展望 23

参考文献 24

致 谢 26

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