论文总字数：24342字

摘 要

随着科技的发展，电动汽车的技术越来越成熟。我国未来电动汽车的规模也越来越大，但也会给电网的运行产生很多麻烦。如何解决电网的这些麻烦将是一个亟待解决的问题。因此，合理预测电动汽车的充电行为对电网的影响具有十分重要的意义。本文先研究电动汽车的发展现状，同时国内外研究等进行了简单的介绍；并基于文献研究，结合自身所学的知识，针对电动汽车充放电特性，选择其充电特征量，总结并发现规律，提出研究方案；然后建立电动汽车充电模型，计算出充电负荷；然后进行算例分析，以此来验证模型的正确性和可行性；最后从可靠性、经济性、稳定性、环保等角度研究电动汽车充放电行为对电力系统的影响。

关键词：电动汽车 建模 充电负荷计算 电力系统影响

Research on Electric Vehicle Charging Model Based on User Behavior Characteristics

Abstract

With the development of science and technology, the technology of electric vehicles is becoming more and more mature. In the future, the scale of electric vehicles in our country will become larger and larger, but it will also cause a lot of trouble to the operation of the power grid.How to solve these troubles in the power grid will be an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, it is of great significance to reasonably predict the impact of electric vehicle charging behavior on the power grid.Firstly, this paper studies the development status of electric vehicles, and at the same time, domestic and foreign researches are briefly introduced. And based on literature research, combined with their own knowledge, according to the charging and discharging characteristics of electric vehicles, select their charging characteristics, summarize and find the rules, and put forward the research scheme.Then the electric vehicle charging model is established and the charging load is calculated. Then, an example is analyzed to verify the correctness and feasibility of the model. Finally, the influence of electric vehicle charging and discharging behavior on the power system is studied from the perspectives of reliability, economy, stability and environmental protection.

Key Words:Electric vehicle; Modeling; Charging load calculation;Power system impact

目 录

摘要…………………………………………………………………………………I

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………II

第一章 引言………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 课题背景和研究意义………………………………………………………1

1.2 国内外研究现状……………………………………………………………2

1.2.1 早期研究……………………………………………………………2

1.2.2 近期研究……………………………………………………………2

1.3 研究内容和预期目标………………………………………………………3

第二章 电动汽车充电负荷研究………………………………………………4

2.1 研究背景及现状……………………………………………………………4

2.2 电动汽车接入的影响………………………………………………………4

2.3.1 对电源和输电的影响………………………………………………5

2.3.2 对配电的影响………………………………………………………5

2.3.3 对电网规划的影响…………………………………………………6

2.3.4 对市场的影响………………………………………………………6

2.3 充电负荷影响因素…………………………………………………………6

2.4 电动汽车充电行为分析……………………………………………………7

2.4.1 充电方式……………………………………………………………7

2.4.2 充电行为……………………………………………………………8

2.5 电动汽车充电数据收集……………………………………………………9

第三章 行为特征量分析………………………………………………………14

3.1 总体介绍 …………………………………………………………………14

3.2 开始充电时刻 ……………………………………………………………14

3.3 连接时长 …………………………………………………………………16

3.4 充电电量 …………………………………………………………………18

第四章 建立模型………………………………………………………………20

4.1 充电负荷概率模型 ………………………………………………………20

4.2 分时段负荷建模 …………………………………………………………21

4.2.1 充电负荷分析与仿真方法…………………………………………21

4.2.2 MATLAB建模………………………………………………………23

第五章 结论……………………………………………………………………26

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………27

致谢………………………………………………………………………………29

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